Internal stress distribution of X-ring using photoelastic experimental hybrid method

• Published in: Journal of mechanical science and technology Vol. 28; no. 5; pp. 1697 - 1708
• Main Authors: Bernard, Alunda Ouma, Hawong, Jai-Sug, Shin, Dong-Chul, Lim, Hyun-Seok
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Heidelberg Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers 01-05-2014; Springer Nature B.V; 대한기계학회
• Subjects: Control; Dynamical Systems; Engineering; Extrusion; Fluid dynamics; Fluid flow; Fluids; Industrial and Production Engineering; Internal pressure; Mechanical Engineering; O rings; Residual stress; Sealing; Vibration; 기계공학; Uniform squeeze rate; Internal stress; O-ring, High pressure; Photoelastic experimental hybrid method; Internal pressure; X-ring
• ISSN: 1738-494X; 1976-3824
• DOI: 10.1007/s12206-014-0314-0

Sealing elements are essential parts of many machines, and are used to prevent the loss of a fluid or gas. When such fluids are not properly sealed, catastrophic failures may result. Many different types of rings have been developed to suit various industrial needs. Considerable research has been done on the O-ring. We analyze the internal stresses developed in an X-ring under a uniform squeeze rate of 20%, which is suitable for static applications, using a photoelastic experimental hybrid method. The internal pressures applied were 0.98, 1.96, 2.94, 3.92, 4.90, and 5.88 MPa. We show that sealing rings with X geometry have considerably higher internal stresses than O-ring seals. In addition, we demonstrate that after extrusion, for an internal pressure of 5.88 MPa, the two lobes on the upper contact surface merge, thereby increasing the contact length of the upper side significantly. Extrusion in the X-ring occurred when the internal pressure was 4.90 MPa.