Radioprotective effect of sesamol on γ-radiation induced DNA damage, lipid peroxidation and antioxidants levels in cultured human lymphocytes

• Published in: Toxicology (Amsterdam) Vol. 209; no. 3; pp. 225 - 235
• Main Authors: Prasad, N. Rajendra, Menon, Venugopal P., Vasudev, V., Pugalendi, K.V.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Shannon Elsevier Ireland Ltd 05-05-2005; Amsterdam Elsevier Science
• Subjects: Adult; Antioxidants; Antioxidants - pharmacology; Benzodioxoles; Biological and medical sciences; Catalase; Catalase - metabolism; Cells, Cultured; Chromosome Aberrations; Dicentric aberration; DNA Damage; Gamma Rays; Glutathione - analysis; Glutathione Peroxidase - metabolism; Humans; Lipid Peroxidation - drug effects; Lipid Peroxidation - radiation effects; Lymphocytes; Lymphocytes - drug effects; Lymphocytes - metabolism; Lymphocytes - radiation effects; Medical sciences; Micronuclei; Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective; Peroxidase; Phenols - pharmacology; Radiation-Protective Agents - pharmacology; Radioprotection; Sesamol; Superoxide Dismutase - metabolism; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances - analysis; Toxicology; γ-Radiation; Antioxidants; Catalase; Lymphocytes; Micronuclei; γ-Radiation; Dicentric aberration; Sesamol; Peroxidase; Radioprotection; Chromosomal aberration; Cell culture; Toxicity; Radiation; Lipids; Dicentric chromosome; Micronucleus; Peroxidation; Human; Enzyme; Antioxidant; In vitro; Peroxidases; Abnormal chromosome; Oxidoreductases; Lesion; Lymphocyte; Radiation damage
• ISSN: 0300-483X; 1879-3185
• DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2004.12.009

Sesamol pretreated (1, 5 and 10
μg/ml) lymphocytes were exposed to different doses of γ-radiation, i.e., 1, 2 and 4
Gray (Gy) and the cellular changes were estimated by using cytokinesis blocked micronucleus assay (MN), dicentric aberration (DC), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), reduced glutathione (GSH) and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Radiation significantly increased MN, DC frequencies, TBARS levels and decreased GSH and antioxidant enzyme levels in a dose dependent manner. The highest damage to lymphocytes was observed at 4
Gy irradiation. On the other hand, sesamol pretreatment significantly decreased MN, DC frequencies, TBARS levels and increased GSH levels and SOD, CAT and GPx activities in a concentration dependent manner. At 1
Gy irradiation all concentrations of sesamol (1, 5 and 10
μg/ml) significantly protects the lymphocytes from radiation damage. At 2
Gy irradiation 5 and 10
μg/ml of sesamol shows significant radioprotection. Since the highest damage was observed at 4
Gy irradiation both 1 and 5
μg/ml of sesamol pretreatment were not sufficient to protect the lymphocytes from radiation damage but 10
μg/ml of sesamol significantly (
p
<
0.05) protects the lymphocytes from radiation effect. Thus, sesamol pretreatment gives significant protection to cultured human lymphocytes against γ-radiation induced cellular damage. The possible mechanism involved in the radioprotective influence of sesamol is discussed.