Clonal diversity, antimicrobial resistance, and genome features among nonfermenting gram-negative bacteria isolated from patients with cystic fibrosis in Russia

• Published in: Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease Vol. 108; no. 2; p. 116102
• Main Authors: Bocharova, Yuliya, Chebotar, Igor, Savinova, Tatiana, Lyamin, Artem, Kondratenko, Olga, Polikarpova, Svetlana, Fedorova, Natalia, Semykin, Sergey, Korostin, Dmitriy, Chaplin, Andrey, Shagin, Dmitriy, Mayanskiy, Nikolay
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States 01-02-2024
• Subjects: Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; Cystic Fibrosis - complications; Cystic Fibrosis - microbiology; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Humans; Pseudomonas aeruginosa - genetics; Stenotrophomonas maltophilia - genetics; whole genome sequencing; pathogenicity island-borne virulence genes; sequence type; antimicrobial resistance; cystic fibrosis; nonfermenting gram-negative bacteria
• ISSN: 0732-8893; 1879-0070
• DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2023.116102

Nonfermenting gram-negative (NFGN) bacteria were isolated from cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and subjected to susceptibility testing and whole-genome sequencing. Among 170 enrolled CF patients, 112 (65.9%) were colonized with at least 1 key NFGN species. The species-specific infection rate was highest for Pseudomonas aeruginosa (40.6%) followed by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (14.1%), Achromobacter spp. (9.4%), and Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc, 8.2%) demonstrating a significant age-dependent increase for P. aeruginosa and Achromobacter spp., but not for S. maltophilia or Bcc. P. aeruginosa sequence types (STs) related to high-risk epidemic and global CF clones were carried by 12 (7.1%) and 13 (7.6%) patients, respectively. In total, 47% NFGN isolates, predominantly P. aeruginosa, harbored at least 1 plasmid-borne resistance gene; 5 ST235 isolates carried bla
. Pathogenicity island-borne virulence genes were harbored by 9% NFGN isolates. These findings in conjunction with frequent early colonization by Bcc raised serious concerns regarding infection control in Russian CF centers.