A Comparison Between Diabetic Foot Classifications WIfI, Saint Elian, and Texas: Description of Wounds and Clinical Outcomes

• Published in: International journal of lower extremity wounds Vol. 21; no. 2; pp. 120 - 130
• Main Authors: Carro, Gabriela Verónica, Saurral, Ruben, Carlucci, Elsa, Gette, Fernando, Llanos, María de los Ángeles, Amato, Pablo Salvador
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Los Angeles, CA SAGE Publications 01-06-2022
• Subjects: Amputation; Diabetes Mellitus - surgery; Diabetic Foot - diagnosis; Diabetic Foot - epidemiology; Humans; Ischemia - diagnosis; Limb Salvage; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Texas - epidemiology; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Wound Healing; Texas; major amputation; score; wound; classification; diabetic foot
• ISSN: 1534-7346; 1552-6941
• DOI: 10.1177/1534734620930171

Several wound classification systems are used to assess diabetic foot wounds. The recommendations for their use depend on the authors and foot associations. In this study, we compared Saint Elian score system, WIfI classification and Texas in 101 patients with foot wounds, and we followed them for a median of 149 days, finding differences both in the assigned risk and in the association with major amputation and wound healing. Saint Elian and WIfI scores match when Saint Elian is low or high risk but not when it is moderate. WIfI stages correlate with major amputation and wound healing. Saint Elian III correlates with major amputation. Prevalence of major amputations was 41% for WIfI 4 and 83% for Saint Elian III. WIfI 1 and 2 and Saint Elian I had a rate of wound healing of 80% to 85%. Stages 1 and 2 of WIfI score behave similar with regard to wound healing, 82% and 80% (P = .71), and major amputation, 0% and 10% (P = .68). Stages I and II of Saint Elian have the same rates of major amputation, 0% and 8% (P = .66), but not of wound healing, 85% and 51% (P < .05). The optimal cut point for detecting major amputation in Saint Elian is 18, with a sensitivity of 90.9 and specificity of 84.9, but there is no recommended cut point for wound healing. These classifications are validated for their use in diabetic foot wounds and to assess amputation risk, helping physicians make decisions and talk to the patients about prognosis.