Co-exposure of iron oxide nanoparticles with glyphosate herbicides in Poecilia reticulata: Fish liver damages is reversible during iron accumulation and elimination period

• Published in: Chemosphere (Oxford) Vol. 328; p. 138590
• Main Authors: Lima-Faria, João Marcos de, Silva, Victória Costa da, Chen, Lee Chen, Martinez, Diego Stéfani Teodoro, Sabóia-Morais, Simone Maria Teixeira de
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01-07-2023
• Subjects: Animals; Ferric Compounds; Glyphosate; Herbicides - toxicity; Iron; Lipids; Liver Diseases; Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles; Nanoecotoxicology; Nanomaterials; Nanoparticles; Nanosafety; Poecilia; Water remediation; Nanosafety; Nanomaterials; Water remediation; Nanoecotoxicology
• ISSN: 0045-6535; 1879-1298
• DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138590

Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) are advanced materials for water remediation technologies. It is therefore relevant to evaluate the cellular and tissue behavior of fishes in response to IONPs and their associations with agrochemicals such as glyphosate (GLY) and glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs). Iron accumulation, tissue integrity and lipid distribution in the hepatocytes of Poecilia reticulata (guppy) were investigated in a control group and in groups exposed to soluble iron ions, namely IFe (0.3 mgFe/L), IONPs (0.3 mgFe/L), and IONPs, associated with GLY (0.65 mg/L), GBHs 0.65 mgGLY/L (IONPs + GBH1), and 1.30 mgGLY/L (IONPs + GBH2), for 7, 14, and 21 days, followed by an equal period of postexposure in clean reconstituted water. The results showed that the accumulation of iron was greater in the subjects in the IONP treatment group when compared to that in the Ife group. In addition, the subjects in the mixtures with GBHs had a greater accumulation of iron than those in the IONP + GLY treatment group. Tissue integrity assessments demonstrated an intense accumulation of lipids, formation of necrotic zones and leukocyte infiltrates in all the treated groups, with a greater quantity of lipids in the animals treated with IONP + GLY and IFe. During postexposure, the results indicated an elimination of iron in all treated groups, reaching the same level as the control group, throughout the 21 days postexposure. Thus, the damage caused to animal livers by IONP mixtures is reversible, providing promising results for the development of safe environmental remediation practices using nanoparticles.
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•Fish accumulate iron during exposure to treatments with IFe and IONPs.•Post exposure periods contribute to iron elimination in fish treated with IONPs and IFe.•Inflammatory response is active in all treatments during exposure time.•OsO4 labeling is effective to show lipofuscin and lipid distribution in hepatic tissue.•Area occupied by lipids in cells decrease in post-exposure periods