Endocrine disrupting chemicals may deregulate DNA repair through estrogen receptor mediated seizing of CBP/p300 acetylase

• Published in: Journal of endocrinological investigation Vol. 43; no. 9; pp. 1189 - 1196
• Main Authors: Lakshmanan, M. D., Shaheer, K.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cham Springer International Publishing 01-09-2020; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Androgen receptors; Androgens; Base excision repair; Chromatin remodeling; CREB-binding protein; Cyclic AMP response element-binding protein; Deoxyribonucleic acid; DNA; DNA damage; DNA repair; Endocrine disruptors; Endocrinology; Estrogen receptors; Genomic instability; Genotoxicity; Homologous recombination; Internal Medicine; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Metabolic Diseases; Non-homologous end joining; Nucleotide excision repair; Pollutants; Short Review; Transcription initiation; Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs); Nuclear hormone receptors; Non homologous end joining; CREB-binding protein (CBP); DNA damage; Homologous recombination; P300; Nucleotide excision repair; Base excision repair; DNA repair; Histone acetyltransferases
• ISSN: 1720-8386; 0391-4097; 1720-8386
• DOI: 10.1007/s40618-020-01241-5

Purpose
Environmental pollutants are known to induce DNA breaks, leading to genomic instability. Here, we propose a novel mechanism for the genotoxic effects exerted by environmentally exposed endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs).
Methods
Bibliographic research and presentation of the analysis.
Discussion
In mammals, nucleotide excision repair, base excision repair, homologous recombination and non-homologous end-joining pathways are some of the major DNA repair pathways. p300 along with CREB-binding protein (CBP) contributes to chromatin remodeling, DNA damage response and repair of both single- and double-stranded DNA breaks. In addition to its role in DNA repair, CBP/p300 also acts as a coactivator to interact with the estrogen receptor and androgen receptor during its estrogen- and androgen-dependent transactivation, respectively. Since activated estrogen receptors (ERs) seize p300 from the repressed genes and redistribute it to the enhancer genes to activate transcription, the cellular functioning may be based on a balance between these pathways and any disturbance in one may alter the other, leading to undesirable physiological effects.
Conclusion
In conclusion, CBP/p300 is important for DNA repair and nuclear hormone receptor transactivation. Activated hormone receptors can sequester p300 to regulate the hormonal effects. Hence, we believe that activation of ERs by EDCs results in sequestration of CBP/p300 for ER transactivation and transcription initiation of its target genes, leading to a competition for CBP/P300, resulting in the deregulation of all other pathways involving p300/CBP.