CRISPR Technology in Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment: Opportunities and Challenges

• Published in: Biochemical genetics Vol. 60; no. 5; pp. 1446 - 1470
• Main Authors: Shademan, Behrouz, Masjedi, Sepideh, Karamad, Vahidreza, Isazadeh, Alireza, Sogutlu, Fatma, rad, Mohammad hosein saeedi, Nourazarian, Alireza
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01-10-2022; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Biochemistry; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedicine; Cancer; Cancer research; Cancer therapies; Chemotherapy; CRISPR; Gene therapy; Genetic engineering; Genetic modification; Genome editing; Genomes; Human Genetics; Immune system; Immunotherapy; Medical diagnosis; Medical Microbiology; Medical research; Molecular biology; Mutation; Ordination; Plasmids; Prokaryotes; Proteins; Review; Surgery; Zoology; CRISPR; Solid tumors; Cancer treatment; Gene editing
• ISSN: 0006-2928; 1573-4927
• DOI: 10.1007/s10528-022-10193-9

A novel gene editing tool, the Cas system, associated with the CRISPR system, is emerging as a potential method for genome modification. This simple method, based on the adaptive immune defense system of prokaryotes, has been developed and used in human cancer research. These technologies have tremendous therapeutic potential, especially in gene therapy, where a patient-specific mutation is genetically corrected to cure diseases that cannot be cured with conventional treatments. However, translating CRISPR/Cas9 into the clinic will be challenging, as we still need to improve the efficiency, specificity, and application of the technology. In this review, we will explain how CRISPR-Cas9 technology can treat cancer at the molecular level, focusing on ordination and the epigenome. We will also focus on the promise and shortcomings of this system to ensure its application in the treatment and prevention of cancer.