Probiotic Properties of Lactobacilli and Their Ability to Inhibit the Adhesion of Enteropathogenic Bacteria to Caco-2 and HT-29 Cells

• Published in: Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins Vol. 13; no. 1; pp. 102 - 112
• Main Authors: Fonseca, Hugo Calixto, de Sousa Melo, Dirceu, Ramos, Cíntia Lacerda, Dias, Disney Ribeiro, Schwan, Rosane Freitas
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01-02-2021; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Antimicrobial activity; Antimicrobial agents; Applied Microbiology; Bacteria; Cell surface; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; Chemistry/Food Science; Deoxyribonuclease; Gastric juice; Hydrophobicity; Intestine; Lactic acid; Lactic acid bacteria; Microbiology; Nutrition; Probiotics; Protein Science; Safety; Strains (organisms); Gastrointestinal tract; Enteropathogenic; Brazilian foods; Epithelial cells; Antagonistic effects; Salmonella enteritidis; Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli
• ISSN: 1867-1306; 1867-1314
• DOI: 10.1007/s12602-020-09659-2

We evaluated the probiotic properties of lactic acid bacteria using resistance, safety, and functional assays. A preliminary subtractive screening of nineteen strains was performed based on their survival in simulated gastric and intestinal juice, and cell surface characteristics (hydrophobicity and auto-aggregation). Five strains were selected for further characterization, which included the assessment of their co-aggregation to pathogens, phenol tolerance, antimicrobial activity, and safety. Moreover, their adhesion to Caco-2 and HT-29 cells and the ability to inhibit pathogenic bacteria adhesion were evaluated. All strains had high (≥ 80.0%) survival rates in gastric and intestinal juices. Among them,
Lactobacillus brevis
CCMA 1284,
L. plantarum
CCMA 0743, and
L. plantarum
CCMA 0359 exhibited higher hydrophobicity (95.33, 96.06, and 80.02%, respectively), while
L. paracasei
CCMA 0504 and
L. paracasei
CCMA 0505 had the highest auto-aggregation values (45.36 and 52.66%, respectively). However, these last two strains were positive for the DNAse test, which is a safety concern. The CCMA 0359 and CCMA 1284 strains did not show antimicrobial activity, while the CCMA 0505 strain had a higher percentage of adhesion (4.75%) to Caco-2 cells. In the simulated competition and exclusion assays, the CCMA 0743 strain was able to reduce
Salmonella
adhesion to both cells (Caco-2 and HT-29), but only the CCMA 0743 and CCMA 0505 strains inhibited
Escherichia coli
adhesion to HT-29 cells in the competition assay. According to the results of these evaluated attributes, this strain showed to be an excellent candidate for probiotic use.