The targets of β-sitosterol as a novel therapeutic against cardio-renal complications in acute renal ischemia/reperfusion damage

• Published in: Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology Vol. 394; no. 3; pp. 469 - 479
• Main Authors: Koc, Kubra, Geyikoglu, Fatime, Cakmak, Ozge, Koca, Aynur, Kutlu, Zerrin, Aysin, Ferhunde, Yilmaz, Asli, Aşkın, Hakan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01-03-2021; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - pharmacology; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - therapeutic use; Apoptosis; Apoptosis - drug effects; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedicine; Female; Glutathione; Glutathione - metabolism; Hypolipidemic Agents - pharmacology; Hypolipidemic Agents - therapeutic use; Inflammation; Interleukin 6; Interleukin-6 - metabolism; Ischemia; Ischemia - drug therapy; Ischemia - metabolism; Ischemia - pathology; Kidney - drug effects; Kidney - metabolism; Kidney - pathology; Kidney Diseases - drug therapy; Kidney Diseases - metabolism; Kidney Diseases - pathology; Kidneys; Malondialdehyde; Malondialdehyde - metabolism; Myocardium - metabolism; Myocardium - pathology; Neurosciences; Nitric oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III - metabolism; Nitric-oxide synthase; Original Article; Oxidative stress; Pharmacology/Toxicology; Protective Agents - pharmacology; Protective Agents - therapeutic use; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reperfusion; Reperfusion Injury - drug therapy; Reperfusion Injury - metabolism; Reperfusion Injury - pathology; Sitosterols - pharmacology; Sitosterols - therapeutic use; Superoxide dismutase; Superoxide Dismutase - metabolism; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - metabolism; Tumor necrosis factor-α; Heart; Oxidative stress; β-Sitosterol; Inflammation; Ischemia/reperfusion; Kidney
• ISSN: 0028-1298; 1432-1912
• DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-01984-1

This research is the first to use β-sitosterol on myocardial and renal tissues in renal ischemia/reperfusion (IR) damage. Female Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: control (sham), renal IR (50 min ischemia – 3 h reperfusion), and renal IR + 150 mg/kg/p.o. β-sitosterol (the rats were treated with β-sitosterol orally once 1 h before the IR procedure). β-Sitosterol pretreatment caused an increase in superoxide dismutase and glutathione activities and a decrease in malondialdehyde levels in the kidney and heart. Moreover, it alleviated histopathological changes and downregulated the levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 and upregulated the levels of endothelial nitric oxide synthase. As conclusion, the potential of β-sitosterol for renal and cardiac necrosis and apoptosis appears to act by limiting inflammatory response and oxidative stress. Thus, the potential of this compound is noteworthy and may serve as a potential therapeutic in the treatment of acute organ damages due to renal IR.