Genetic markers associated with cutaneous adverse drug reactions to allopurinol: a systematic review

• Published in: Pharmacogenomics Vol. 16; no. 7; pp. 755 - 767
• Main Authors: Jarjour, Samantha, Barrette, Mathieu, Normand, Valérie, Rouleau, Jean Lucien, Dubé, Marie-Pierre, de Denus, Simon
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Future Medicine Ltd 01-05-2015
• Subjects: adverse reaction; allopurinol; Allopurinol - adverse effects; Analysis; Care and treatment; Complications and side effects; Drug Eruptions - diagnosis; Drug Eruptions - genetics; drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions - diagnosis; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions - genetics; Genetic Markers - drug effects; Genetic Markers - genetics; Genome-Wide Association Study - methods; Genome-Wide Association Study - trends; Gout suppressants; HLA; HLA antigens; HLA Antigens - genetics; Humans; Hyperuricemia; Mortality; Pharmacogenetics - methods; Pharmacogenetics - trends; Pharmacogenomics; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide - genetics; Prevention; rash; safety; Stevens-Johnson syndrome; toxic epidermal necrolysis; United States; United States; rash; drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome; pharmacogenomics; adverse reaction; safety; Stevens–Johnson syndrome; HLA; allopurinol; toxic epidermal necrolysis
• ISSN: 1462-2416; 1744-8042
• DOI: 10.2217/pgs.15.21

Pharmacogenomic markers in the HLA coding genes have been associated with drug hypersensitivity of multiple drugs, including allopurinol. In this systematic review, we summarize the pharmacogenomic evidence available regarding allopurinol-induced cutaneous adverse drug reactions (cADRs). We found that the
allele was significantly associated with the risk of severe cADRs in the Han Chinese, Korean, Thai, Japanese and European populations. The association between less severe cADRs and
was less consistent. All SNPs identified in genome-wide association studies of common variants were also located in or nearby
. Future studies should focus on more common but less severe allopurinol-induced cADRs, as well as the potential role of rare variants as predictors of these cADRs.