Differences in omentin-1 levels in term newborns according to birth weight

• Published in: Early human development Vol. 139; p. 104842
• Main Authors: Hernández-Rodríguez, Citlalli E., Estrada-Zúñiga, Cynthia M., De la O-Cavazos, Manuel E., García-Rodríguez, Fernando, Rodríguez-Balderrama, Isaías, Zapata-Castilleja, Carlos A., Treviño-Garza, Consuelo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Ireland Elsevier B.V 01-12-2019
• Subjects: Birth weight; Birth Weight - physiology; Cord blood; Cytokines - blood; Female; Fetal Blood - chemistry; FGIR; Gestational Age; GPI-Linked Proteins - blood; HOMA-IR; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Small for Gestational Age - blood; Insulin Resistance; Lectins - blood; Linear Models; Male; Omentin-1; QUICK-1; HOMA-IR; QUICK-1; Omentin-1; Birth weight; FGIR; Cord blood
• ISSN: 0378-3782; 1872-6232
• DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2019.104842

Adipokines are produced by adipose tissue and are involved in metabolic processes. Omentin-1 is an adipokine that has been shown in vitro to possibly be involved in insulin sensitivity modulation. The prenatal stage is a crucial period for development of metabolic diseases in the long term, therefore, small (SGA) and large (LGA) for gestational age newborns have an increased risk of type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome later in life.
To evaluate the differences in omentin-1 concentrations in umbilical cord blood from healthy term newborns according to birth weight and explore the association between omentin-1 and anthropometry, glucose, insulin and insulin sensitivity.
This was a secondary analysis of stored umbilical cord blood of term newborns.
Newborns classified according to birth weight as SGA (n = 30), adequate for gestational age (AGA) (n = 12) and LGA (n = 34).
An analysis of omentin-1, glucose and insulin were performed.
Differences were found in serum omentin-1 levels (ng/mL) between SGA 328.17 ± 108.04, AGA 253.05 ± 98.25 and LGA 250.91 ± 100.48 (p = 0.009). In the linear regression analysis, the independent variables HOMA-IR, QUICK-I and FGIR were predictors of serum omentin-1 levels (r = 0.175, p = 0.003).
Omentin-1 cord blood levels have a differentiated behavior according to weight for gestational age with LGA newborns having lower levels and SGA newborns higher levels. HOMA-IR, QUICK-I and FGIR weakly predicted omentin-1 in cord blood, suggesting that omentin-1 possibly has an implication in insulin sensitivity since birth.
•Large Gestational age newborns showed lower omentin-1 umbilical cord blood levels.•Omentin-1 presents a negative correlation with weight, height and cephalic perimeter at birth.•Omentin-1 possibly has an implication in insulin sensitivity since birth.