Effect of solvents and extraction methods on total anthocyanins, phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity of Renealmia alpinia (Rottb.) Maas peel

• Published in: Czech Journal of Food Sciences Vol. 35; no. 5; pp. 456 - 465
• Main Authors: Arroy, Javier David Vega, Ruiz-Espinosa, Hector, Luna-Guevara, Juan Jose, Luna-Guevara, Maria L., Hernández-Carranza, Paola, Ávila-Sosa, Raúl, Ochoa-Velasco, Carlos Enrique
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Prague Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) 01-01-2017; Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences
• Subjects: Acetone; Agitation; Anthocyanins; Antioxidants; Bioactive compounds; Biological activity; Ethanol; extraction process; Methanol; Phenolic compounds; Phenols; Pretreatment; Solvent extraction; Solvents; Ultrasonic imaging; Ultrasound; Vitamin E; x´kijit peel
• ISSN: 1212-1800; 1805-9317
• DOI: 10.17221/316/2016-CJFS

The effect of different solvents and extraction methods on total anthoc yanins, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant capacity from x´kijit (renealmia alpinia Rottb. Maas) peels was evaluated. In order to evaluate the effect of solvents on the bioactive compounds extraction efficienc y and antioxidant capacity, a special cubic mixture design model was implemented with ethanol, methanol, and acetone as solvents and conventional (agitation – 1 and 6 h; Soxhlet – 2 and 4 h), novel (power ultrasound – 2.5 and 5 min) methods, and combination of extraction methods. Acceptable correla - tions between predicted and experimental data were obtained for total anthoc yanins ( r2 = 0.95), phenolic compounds (r2 = 0.78), and antioxidant capacity (r2 = 0.97), with methanol exhibiting the highest extraction yield of bioactive compounds and resultant antioxidant capacity. Although the extraction of total anthocyanins (82.2–85.8 mg cyanidine/ kg) and phenolic compounds (183.6–207.0 mg GAE/kg) was best carried out through Soxhlet, the ultrasonic treat- ment showed similar antioxidant capacity values (27.4–34.3 mg Trolox/kg) to those of 2-h Soxhlet. Moreover, a 5-min ultrasound pretreatment significantly increased (p < 0.05) phenolic compounds by 11, 21 and 12% when combined with agitation 1, 6, and 2-h Soxhlet treatments, respectively ; while the antioxidant capacity increased by 26, 48, and 22% for the same treatments. Ultrasound might be used as a valuable, green alternative procedure for improving the solvent extraction of bioactive compounds.