Clinical and Microbiologic Evaluation, by Real‐Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, of Non‐Surgical Treatment of Aggressive Periodontitis Associated With Amoxicillin and Metronidazole

• Published in: Journal of periodontology (1970) Vol. 83; no. 6; pp. 744 - 752
• Main Authors: Rodrigues, Ariana S., Lourenção, Daniele Salami, Lima Neto, Lidio G., Pannuti, Claudio M., Crespo Hirata, Rosario Dominguez, Hirata, Mario H., Lotufo, Roberto F.M., De Micheli, Giorgio
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Chicago, IL American Academy of Periodontology 01-06-2012
• Subjects: Adult; Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans - drug effects; Aggressive periodontitis; Aggressive Periodontitis - microbiology; Aggressive Periodontitis - therapy; amoxicillin; Amoxicillin - administration & dosage; Amoxicillin - therapeutic use; Anti-Bacterial Agents - administration & dosage; Anti-Bacterial Agents - therapeutic use; Anti-Infective Agents - administration & dosage; Anti-Infective Agents - therapeutic use; Antibacterial agents; Antibiotics. Antiinfectious agents. Antiparasitic agents; Antifungal agents; Bacterial Load - drug effects; Bacteroides - drug effects; Biological and medical sciences; Dental Plaque - microbiology; Dental Plaque Index; Dentistry; DNA Probes; Drug Combinations; Facial bones, jaws, teeth, parodontium: diseases, semeiology; Female; Fluorescent Dyes; Follow-Up Studies; Gingival Hemorrhage - microbiology; Gingival Hemorrhage - therapy; Gram-Negative Anaerobic Straight, Curved, and Helical Rods - drug effects; Humans; Male; Medical sciences; metronidazole; Metronidazole - administration & dosage; Metronidazole - therapeutic use; microbiology; Non tumoral diseases; Otorhinolaryngology. Stomatology; Periodontal Attachment Loss - microbiology; Periodontal Attachment Loss - therapy; Periodontal Index; Periodontal Pocket - microbiology; Periodontal Pocket - therapy; Pharmacology. Drug treatments; polymerase chain reaction; Porphyromonas gingivalis - drug effects; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction - methods; Treponema denticola - drug effects; Nitro compound; Imidazole derivatives; Evaluation; Microbiology; Stomatology; β-Lactams; Dentistry; Real time; Aggressive periodontitis; Penicillin derivatives; Polymerase chain reaction; Antiprotozoal agent; Periodontal disease; Antibiotic; Antifungal agent; Treatment; Periodontitis; Surgery; antibacterial agents; Amoxicillin; Parasiticide; Metronidazole; Molecular biology; Antibacterial agent
• ISSN: 0022-3492; 1943-3670
• DOI: 10.1902/jop.2011.110333

Background: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the clinical and microbiologic changes resulting from non‐surgical periodontal treatment associated with amoxicillin and metronidazole in individuals with aggressive periodontitis.
Methods: Fifteen individuals with aggressive periodontitis received non‐surgical periodontal treatment and 45 days after completion of treatment were treated with antibiotics. Clinical data and samples of subgingival plaque were collected at baseline, 45 days after the non‐surgical periodontal treatment, and 1 month after the use of antimicrobial agents. After 3 and 6 months, only clinical data were collected. The presence and quantification of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Tannerella forsythia (Tf), Treponema denticola (Td), and Dialister pneumosintes were determined by real‐time polymerase chain reaction.
Results: All clinical parameters, with the exception of clinical attachment level (CAL), had significantly (P <0.05) improved at the end of the third month after non‐surgical therapy associated with antibiotics. There was significant (P <0.05) reduction in the quantities of Td and Tf. After 1 month, there were significant (P <0.05) reductions in the frequencies of Pg and Tf.
Conclusion: Non‐surgical mechanical treatment associated with the use of amoxicillin and metronidazole led to an improvement in all clinical parameters studied, except for CAL, and significantly reduced the amount of subgingival Tf and Td.