Selection and characterization of coal mine autochthonous rhizobia for the inoculation of herbaceous legumes

• Published in: Archives of microbiology Vol. 199; no. 7; pp. 991 - 1001
• Main Authors: Hernández, Anabel González, de Moura, Ginaini Doin, Binati, Renato Leal, Nascimento, Francisco Xavier Inês, Londoño, Diana Morales, Mamede, Ana Carolina Peixoto, da Silva, Emanuela Pille, de Armas, Rafael Dutra, Giachini, Admir José, Rossi, Márcio José, Soares, Cláudio Roberto Fonsêca Sousa
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01-09-2017; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Acetic acid; Bacteria; Biochemistry; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biotechnology; Burkholderia; Cell Biology; Classification; Coal; Coal mines; Coal mining; Ecology; Gene sequencing; Greenhouses; Indoleacetic acid; Inoculation; Legumes; Life Sciences; Microbial Ecology; Microbiology; Mining; Nitrogen; Nodulation; Nutrient availability; Open pit mining; Original Paper; Plant species; Revegetation; Siderophores; Solubilization; Vegetation cover; Biological nitrogen fixation; Degraded areas; Symbiotic efficiency; Rhizobium
• ISSN: 0302-8933; 1432-072X
• DOI: 10.1007/s00203-017-1373-2

Coal open pit mining in the South of Santa Catarina state (Brazil) was inappropriately developed, affecting approximately 6.700 ha. Re-vegetation is an alternative for the recovery of these areas. Furthermore, the use of herbaceous legumes inoculated with nitrogen fixing bacteria is motivated due to the difficulty implementing a vegetation cover in these areas, mainly due to low nutrient availability. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate, among 16 autochthonous rhizobia isolated from the coal mining areas, those with the greatest potential to increase growth of the herbaceous legumes
Vicia sativa
and
Calopogonium mucunoides
. Tests were conducted in greenhouse containing 17 inoculation treatments (16 autochthonous rhizobia + Brazilian recommended strain for each plant species), plus two treatments without inoculation (with and without mineral nitrogen). After 60 days, nodulation, growth, N uptake, and symbiotic efficiency were evaluated. Isolates characterization was assessed by the production of indole acetic acid, ACC deaminase, siderophores, and inorganic phosphate solubilization. The classification of the isolates was performed by 16 S rDNA gene sequencing. Only isolates UFSC-M4 and UFSC-M8 were able to nodulate
C. mucunoides
. Among rhizobia capable of nodulating
V. sativa
, only UFSC-M8 was considered efficient. It was found the presence of more than one growth-promoting attributes in the same organism, and isolate UFSC-M8 presented all of them. Isolates were classified as belonging to
Rhizobium, Burkholderia
and
Curtobacterium
. The results suggest the inoculation of
Vicia sativa
with strain UFSC-M8, classified as
Rhizobium
sp., as a promising alternative for the revegetation of coal mining degraded areas.