There and back again? A B cell’s tale on responses and spatial distribution in teleosts

• Published in: Fish & shellfish immunology Vol. 148; p. 109479
• Main Authors: Jenberie, Shiferaw, van der Wal, Yorick A., Jensen, Ingvill, Jørgensen, Jorunn B.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01-05-2024; Elsevier
• Subjects: Animals; Antibodies; Antibody secreting cells; B cells; B-Lymphocytes; Humoral immunity; Immunity, Humoral; Mucosal immunity; Salmonids; Teleost; Vaccines; Teleost; Mucosal immunity; Antibodies; Salmonids; Antibody secreting cells; B cells; Humoral immunity
• ISSN: 1050-4648; 1095-9947; 1095-9947
• DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109479

Teleost B cells are of special interest due to their evolutionary position and involvement in vaccine-induced adaptive immune responses. While recent progress has revealed uneven distribution of B cell subsets across the various immune sites and that B cells are one of the early responders to infection, substantial knowledge gaps persist regarding their immunophenotypic profile, functional mechanisms, and what factors lead them to occupy different immune niches. This review aims to assess the current understanding of B cell diversity, their spatial distribution in various systemic and peripheral immune sites, how B cell responses initiate, the sites where these responses develop, their trafficking, and the locations where long-term B cell responses take place.
•B cells are unevenly distributed across the various immune sites.•B cells play an active role in microbiota regulation and mucosal immunity homeostasis.•Teleost melanomacrophage centers present evidence of affinity maturation.•Long-lived plasma cells may potentially find survival niches outside of the head kidney.