Identification of the Aggregation-sex Pheromone Produced by Male Monochamus saltuarius, a Major Insect Vector of the Pine Wood Nematode

• Published in: Journal of chemical ecology Vol. 43; no. 7; pp. 670 - 678
• Main Authors: Lee, Hyo-Rim, Lee, Sung-Chan, Lee, Dong Ha, Choi, Won-Sil, Jung, Chan-Sik, Jeon, Jae-Ho, Kim, Jeong-Eun, Park, Il-Kwon
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01-07-2017; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Adults; Agglomeration; Agriculture; Animals; Attraction; Beetles; Behavior, Animal; Biochemistry; Biological Microscopy; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Bursaphelenchus xylophilus; Chemical ecology; Cockroaches; Coleoptera - chemistry; Coleoptera - physiology; Ecology; Entomology; Ethanol; Ethanol - analogs & derivatives; Ethanol - analysis; Ethanol - metabolism; Ethers - analysis; Ethers - metabolism; Female; Field tests; Insect Control - methods; Insect Vectors - chemistry; Insect Vectors - physiology; Insects; Life Sciences; Limonene; Male; Monochamus saltuarius; Monoterpenes - metabolism; Pheromones; Pine; Pinus - parasitology; Plant Diseases - parasitology; Sex; Sex Attractants - analysis; Sex Attractants - metabolism; Sex pheromone; Sexes; Synergists; Traps; Tylenchida - physiology; Wood; α-Pinene; Pine wilt disease; Cerambycid; Synergist; Plant volatiles; Semiochemical; Aggregation-sex pheromone; 2-Undecyloxy-1-ethanol; Beetle vector
• ISSN: 0098-0331; 1573-1561
• DOI: 10.1007/s10886-017-0864-6

In this study, we isolated and identified an aggregation-sex pheromone from
Monochamus saltuarius
, the major insect vector of the pine wood nematode in Korea. Adult males of
M. saltuarius
produce 2-undecyloxy-1-ethanol, which is known as an aggregation-sex pheromone in other
Monochamus
species. We performed field experiments to determine the attractiveness of the pheromone and other synergists. More
M. saltuarius
adult beetles were attracted to traps baited with the pheromone than to unbaited traps. Ethanol and (−)-
α
-pinene interacted synergistically with the pheromone. Traps baited with the pheromone + (−)-
α
-pinene +ethanol were more attractive to
M. saltuarius
adults than traps baited with the pheromone, (−)-
α
-pinene, or ethanol alone. Ipsenol, ipsdienol, and limonene were also identified as synergists of the aggregation-sex pheromone for
M. saltuarius
adults. In field experiments, the proportion of females was much higher in the beetles caught in traps than among the beetles emerging from naturally-infested logs in the laboratory. Our results suggest that a combination of aggregation-sex pheromone and synergists could be very effective for monitoring and managing
M. saltuarius.