Short fibre-reinforced composite for extensive direct restorations: a laboratory and computational assessment

• Published in: Clinical oral investigations Vol. 20; no. 5; pp. 959 - 966
• Main Authors: Barreto, Bruno Castro Ferreira, Van Ende, Annelies, Lise, Diogo Pedrollo, Noritomi, Pedro Yoshito, Jaecques, Siegfried, Sloten, Jos Vander, De Munck, Jan, Van Meerbeek, Bart
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01-06-2016; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Bicuspid; Composite Resins - chemistry; Dental Caries - therapy; Dental Restoration Failure; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Dental Stress Analysis; Dentin-Bonding Agents - chemistry; Dentistry; Finite Element Analysis; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Materials Testing; Medicine; Original Article; Surface Properties; Fatigue resistance; Loading angle; Short fibre-reinforced composites; Finite element analysis; Fracture strength
• ISSN: 1432-6981; 1436-3771
• DOI: 10.1007/s00784-015-1576-3

Objectives
The objective of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a short fibre-reinforced composite (FRC) applied in combination with a conventional filler composite (CFC) on the fatigue resistance, fracture strength, failure mode and stress distribution, for restorations of premolars under two loading angles.
Material and methods
Thirty-two inferior premolars received extensive cavities with removal of the lingual cusp. Teeth were restored directly using ‘FRC (EverX Posterior, GC) + CFC (G-aenial, GC)’ or ‘CFC only’ and received two fatigue/fracture loadings at two different angles (0°/45°) (
n
 = 8). Data were submitted to two-way ANOVA (
α
 = 5 %) and Tukey test. Failure mode was analysed using SEM. Four 3D finite element (FE) models were constructed and static, linear and elastic analyses were performed. Maximum principal and von Mises stresses were evaluated.
Results
All specimens survived the mechanical fatigue simulation. No statistical difference in fracture resistance was recorded between FRC + CFC and CFC only, considering both loading angles (
p
 = 0.115). However, the 0° loading showed a statistical significant higher strength than the 45° loading (
p
 = 0.000). Failure mode analysis revealed more repairable fractures upon 0° loading, versus more root fractures (unrepairable) upon 45° loading. FE revealed a higher amount of stress upon 45° loading, with tensile stress being imposed to the lingual cervical area.
Conclusion
The fracture strength was not increased using the FRC. Loading at a 45° decreased significantly the fracture resistance.
Clinical relevance
The restoration of extensive cavities in posterior tooth is a challenge for the clinicians and the choice of the material that increases the fracture strength of tooth-restoration complex is required.