Coumarin and eugenol ameliorate LPS-induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 cells via modulating the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway

• Published in: Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine Vol. 14; no. 1; pp. 40 - 46
• Main Authors: Bakshi, Jyotsana, Singh, Somnath, Mishra, KP
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd 01-01-2024; Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
• Subjects: Coumarins; Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; inflammation; cytokines; coumarin; eugenol; nlrp3; lps; Lipopolysaccharides; Properties; India
• ISSN: 2221-1691; 2588-9222
• DOI: 10.4103/2221-1691.393579

Objective: To investigate the underlying mechanism of anti-inflammatory action of coumarin and eugenol in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Methods: RAW 264.7 cells were treated with 2.5 μg/mL of LPS, 50 μM of coumarin, and 50 μM eugenol for 24 h. The viability of the cells was assessed using MTT assay. The production of nitric oxide was determined using Griess reagent and DCFH-DA was used to measure the production of reactive oxygen species. The protein expression of NLRP3, IL-1β, NF-κB, and cyclooxygenase 2 was assessed using Western blot analysis. Results: Coumarin and eugenol showed anti-inflammatory effects against LPS-induced inflammatory response by ameliorating the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome and NF-κB, which further led to a subsequent reduction in IL-1β, nitric oxide, and reactive oxygen species. Conclusions: Coumarin and eugenol exert their anti-inflammatory activities by modulating the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway and NF-κB. These compounds may have promising therapeutic applications for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases.