Proteomic Analysis of Maize Cultivars Tolerant to Drought Stress

• Published in: Agronomy (Basel) Vol. 13; no. 8; p. 2186
• Main Authors: Pinto, Mariana Cabral, de Oliveira, Odair Honorato, de Oliveira, Maria Beatriz Araújo, da Silva, Cleiton Ribeiro, de Figueiredo, Marcela Portela Santos, de Luna, Rômulo Gil, Souza, Anielson dos Santos, Souto, Lauter Silva, de Oliveira Godim, Ancélio Ricardo, de Almeida Lacerda, Rodolfo Rodrigo, Porto, Andréa Chaves Fiuza, Gomes-Silva, Frank, Vasconcelos, Josimar Mendes de, Moreira, Guilherme Rocha, Costa, Maria Lindomárcia Leonardo da, Pereira de Figueiredo, Mércia Regina, Silva, Fabiana Aparecida Cavalcante, Alvino, Francisco Cássio Gomes, Silva, Amaro Epifânio Pereira, Alves, Leonardo de Sousa, Neder, Diogo Gonçalves, Araújo, Bianca Galúcio Pereira, Freitas, Lucas Carvalho de, Calsa Junior, Tercilio, Dutra Filho, João de Andrade
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 01-08-2023
• Subjects: abiotic stress; Acids; Adaptability; Analysis; Aquatic resources; Arid regions; Arid zones; Biological activity; Brazil; breeding; Cereal crops; climate change; Corn; Cultivars; Drainage; Drought; Economic importance; Evapotranspiration; Genetic analysis; Mass spectrometry; Mass spectroscopy; Parameter estimation; Peptides; Phenols; plant adaptation strategies; Productivity; Proteins; proteomic; Proteomics; Rain; Rainfall; Scientific imaging; Seeds; Semi arid areas; Semiarid lands; Water regimes; Water shortages; Water stress; Water supply; Brazil
• ISSN: 2073-4395; 2073-4395
• DOI: 10.3390/agronomy13082186

Maize is a crop of significant economic importance. In the northeast region of Brazil, it serves as the foundation of family support for the majority of farmers. However, achieving high levels of productivity requires an adequate water supply throughout its growth cycle. The northeast semi-arid region experiences low rainfall and high potential evapotranspiration, directly affecting maize development and leading to severe declines in productivity. In this study, genetic selection and proteomic analysis are proposed as a strategy to identify the tolerance of maize cultivars against water stress. The experiments were conducted under two water regimes using randomized block designs with three replicates. Development and productivity traits were evaluated, and genetic parameters were estimated using mixed linear models. Selection for water stress tolerance was based on the harmonic mean of the relative performance of genotypic values. Total protein extraction from maize leaves followed the protocol established by the phenol method, and peptides were analyzed through mass spectrometry. The AG8677P cultivar demonstrated remarkable productivity under drought stress conditions, and proteins related to various fundamentally important biological processes for the tolerance mechanism were identified. The combination of genetic selection with proteomic analysis proves to be an efficient strategy, even in the face of limited resources and a small number of treatments.