Green synthesis and characterizations of Nickel oxide nanoparticles using leaf extract of Rhamnus virgata and their potential biological applications

• Published in: Applied organometallic chemistry Vol. 33; no. 8
• Main Authors: Iqbal, Javed, Abbasi, Banzeer Ahsan, Mahmood, Tariq, Hameed, Safia, Munir, Akhtar, Kanwal, Sobia
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Chichester Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01-08-2019
• Subjects: antibacterial; anticancer; antileishmanial; Antioxidants; Biocompatibility; Biomedical materials; Chelation; Chemistry; Energy transmission; Fourier transforms; green synthesis; Infrared analysis; Kinases; Klebsiella; Macrophages; Microscopy; Morphology; Nanoparticles; Nickel oxides; NiO nanoparticle; Photon correlation spectroscopy; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Raman spectroscopy; Saline water; Scanning electron microscopy; Shrimps; Spectrum analysis; Synthesis; Toxicity; Transmission electron microscopy; X-ray diffraction
• ISSN: 0268-2605; 1099-0739
• DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4950

In the present report, Nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiONPs) were synthesized using Rhamnus virgata (Roxb.) (Family: Rhamnaceae) as a potential stabilizing, reducing and chelating agent. The formation, morphology, structure and other physicochemical properties of resulting NiONPs were characterized by Ultra violet spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared analysis (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy‐dispersive‐spectroscopy (EDS), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Raman spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Detailed in vitro biological activities revealed significant therapeutic potential for NiONPs. The antimicrobial efficacy of biogenic NiONPs was demonstrated against five different gram positive and gram negative bacterial strains. Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC: 125 μg/mL) were found to be the least susceptible and Bacillus subtilis (MIC: 31.25 μg/mL) was found to be the most susceptible strain to NiONPs. Biogenic NiONPs were reported to be highly potent against HepG2 cells (IC50: 29.68 μg/ml). Moderate antileishmanial activity against Leishmania tropica (KMH23) promastigotes (IC50: 10.62 μg/ml) and amastigotes (IC50: 27.58 μg/ml) cultures are reported. The cytotoxic activity was studied using brine shrimps and their IC50 value was recorded as 43.73 μg/ml. For toxicological assessment, NiONPs were found compatible towards human RBCs (IC50: > 200 μg/ml) and macrophages (IC50: > 200 μg/ml), deeming particles safe for various applications in nanomedicines. Moderate antioxidant activities: total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (51.43%), 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) activity (70.36%) and total reducing power (TRP) (45%) are reported for NiONPs. In addition, protein kinase and alpha amylase inhibition assays were also performed. Our results concluded that Rhamnus virgata synthesized NiONPs could find important biomedical applications with low cytotoxicity to normal cells.
Green synthesis is one of the emerging techniques for the controlled synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles. Nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiONPs) were synthesized through green route and fully characterized. NiONPs displayed excellent biomedical applications via different assays.