Cardiac Dysfunction and Exercise Tolerance in Patients after Complex Treatment for Cranial and Craniospinal Tumors in Childhood

• Published in: Journal of clinical medicine Vol. 13; no. 11; p. 3045
• Main Authors: Novikova, Alena, Poltavskaya, Maria, Pavlova, Maria, Chomakhidze, Petr, Bykova, Aleksandra, Potemkina, Nadezhda, Chashkina, Maria, Fashafsha, Zaki Z A, Mesitskaya, Dinara, Gogiberidze, Nana, Levshina, Anna, Giverts, Ilya, Shchekochikhin, Dmitry, Andreev, Denis
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 22-05-2024; MDPI
• Subjects: Anaerobic threshold; Brain cancer; Cancer; Cancer therapies; Cardiac stress tests; Care and treatment; Child development; Contraindications; Ejection fraction; Fitness equipment; Growth hormones; Heart; Hypertension; Hypothyroidism; Medical prognosis; Nervous system; Oncology; Python; Radiation therapy; Risk factors; Toxicity; Tumors; Vincristine; Russia; brain tumors in children; cardiopulmonary testing; risk of cardiovascular disease; echocardiography; radiation therapy
• ISSN: 2077-0383; 2077-0383
• DOI: 10.3390/jcm13113045

State-of-the-art therapy improves the five-year survival rate of patients under the age of 20 with cranial and craniospinal tumors by up to 74%. The urgency of dealing effectively with late treatment-associated cardiovascular complications is rising.
: We aimed to assess echocardiographic parameters and exercise performance in subjects with a history of complex treatment for cranial and craniospinal tumors in childhood.
: the study of 48 subjects who underwent cranial and craniospinal irradiation for CNS tumors in childhood and 20 healthy age- and sex-matched volunteers was conducted. The examination included hormone studies, cardiopulmonary exercise testing, and, in the main group, echocardiography (ECHO).
In five (10.4%) patients, ECHO changes were detected after complex anti-cancer treatment: thickening and calcification of the aortic valve leaflets (2%), and reduction in the systolic LV and RV function (8% and 6%, respectively). Irradiation of various areas was a significant predictor for reduced exercise tolerance, hyperventilation at rest and upon exertion, and an increased ventilatory equivalent for carbon dioxide. Low exercise tolerance was associated with a younger age at the time of treatment initiation. Significant differences were noted between the control group and the childhood cancer survivors with endocrine disorders.
The obtained data confirm the importance of regular cardiovascular and endocrine monitoring of this group of cancer survivors.