Essential elements for spatiotemporal delivery of growth factors within bio-scaffolds: A comprehensive strategy for enhanced tissue regeneration

• Published in: Journal of controlled release Vol. 368; pp. 97 - 114
• Main Authors: Chen, Tan, Jiang, Yao, Huang, Jia-Ping, Wang, Jing, Wang, Zheng-Ke, Ding, Pei-Hui
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01-04-2024
• Subjects: Bio-scaffold; Growth factor; Spatiotemporal delivery; Tissue regeneration; RNA; EDC; PRF; Tissue regeneration; BMP-2; IPS; CTGF; 4D; BSA; MSCs; PEDF; ADV; LBL; iCVD; MPEG-PCL; rhBMP-9; UV; IGF-1; GAG; NGF; bFGF; PAMAM; MMP; PCL; BMSCs; Growth factor; ARS; FDA; LLC; Bio-scaffold; Nle; FN; MPHM; EBM; 2D; FTIR; NHS; PEI/PSS; TGF-β; c-MET; GelMA; GFs/Hep; oNB; SPIONS; EGF; VEGF; Lys; PEGDA; HMP; MNFs; KGF; CS-Hep; CP; FGFR; ECM; CS; PVSA; 3D; Spatiotemporal delivery; PEG; PLGA; GFs; DNA; NIR; PDGF; SCI; HA
• ISSN: 0168-3659; 1873-4995
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.02.006

The precise delivery of growth factors (GFs) in regenerative medicine is crucial for effective tissue regeneration and wound repair. However, challenges in achieving controlled release, such as limited half-life, potential overdosing risks, and delivery control complexities, currently hinder their clinical implementation. Despite the plethora of studies endeavoring to accomplish effective loading and gradual release of GFs through diverse delivery methods, the nuanced control of spatial and temporal delivery still needs to be elucidated. In response to this pressing clinical imperative, our review predominantly focuses on explaining the prevalent strategies employed for spatiotemporal delivery of GFs over the past five years. This review will systematically summarize critical aspects of spatiotemporal GFs delivery, including judicious bio-scaffold selection, innovative loading techniques, optimization of GFs activity retention, and stimulating responsive release mechanisms. It aims to identify the persisting challenges in spatiotemporal GFs delivery strategies and offer an insightful outlook on their future development. The ultimate objective is to provide an invaluable reference for advancing regenerative medicine and tissue engineering applications.
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•The spatiotemporal delivery of growth factors is pivotal in tissue regeneration engineering.•This review emphasized key factors for achieving spatiotemporal delivery of growth factors.•Various approaches for growth factor delivery in recent 5 years have been summarized in this review.