Nobiletin ameliorates nonylphenol-induced testicular damage by improving biochemical, steroidogenic, hormonal, spermatogenic, apoptotic and histological profile

• Published in: Human & experimental toxicology Vol. 40; no. 3; p. 403
• Main Authors: Ijaz, Muhammad Umar, Tahir, Arfa, Samad, Abdul, Anwar, Haseeb
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England 01-03-2021
• Subjects: Animals; Apoptosis - drug effects; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins - metabolism; Endocrine Disruptors - toxicity; Flavones - pharmacology; Flavones - therapeutic use; Male; Oxidative Stress - drug effects; Oxidoreductases - metabolism; Phenols - toxicity; Protective Agents - pharmacology; Protective Agents - therapeutic use; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sperm Count; Sperm Motility - drug effects; Spermatogenesis - drug effects; Spermatozoa - abnormalities; Spermatozoa - drug effects; Spermatozoa - physiology; Testis - drug effects; Testis - metabolism; Testis - pathology; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances - metabolism; antioxidant; testicular damage; nobiletin; Nonylphenol; oxidative stress
• ISSN: 1477-0903
• DOI: 10.1177/0960327120950007

Nonylphenol (NP) is an environmental contaminant, which adversely affects the male fertility due to endocrine disruption and generation of oxidative stress. The current research was planned to assess the effects of nobiletin (NOB), a polymethoxyflavone, on NP-induced testicular damages. Twenty-four male rats were divided into 4 groups: control (0.1% DMSO), NP group (50 mg/kg), NP+NOB group (50 mg/kg + 25 mg/kg), and NOB group (25 mg/kg). Our results revealed that NP brought down the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GSR), while elevated the level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). Additionally, NP decreased the level of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), plasma testosterone, daily sperm production (DSP), epididymal sperm count, viability, motility, gene expression of testicular steroidogenic enzymes (StAR, 3β-HSD and 17β-HSD) and anti-apoptotic protein (Bcl-2), as well as number of spermatogenic cells belonging to various stages. Whereas, sperm (head, mid-piece/neck and tail) abnormalities, expression of apoptotic proteins (Bax and caspase-3), and histopathological damages were increased. However, NOB remarkably reversed all the damages caused by NP. Therefore, it is deduced that NOB could be used as a potential therapeutic to counter the NP-prompted oxidative stress and apoptotic damages in testes.