A framework to assess landscape structural capacity to provide regulating ecosystem services in West Africa

• Published in: Journal of environmental management Vol. 209; pp. 393 - 408
• Main Authors: Inkoom, Justice Nana, Frank, Susanne, Greve, Klaus, Fürst, Christine
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01-03-2018
• Subjects: Analytical hierarchical process; Expert weighting; GISCAME; Landscape configuration; Landscape metrics; Regulating ecosystem services; Expert weighting; GISCAME; Analytical hierarchical process; Regulating ecosystem services; Landscape metrics; Landscape configuration
• ISSN: 0301-4797; 1095-8630
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.12.027

The Sudanian savanna landscapes of West Africa are amongst the world's most vulnerable areas to climate change impacts. Inappropriate land use and agriculture management practices continuously impede the capacity of agricultural landscapes to provide ecosystem services (ES). Given the absence of practical assessment techniques to evaluate the landscape's capacity to provide regulating ES in this region, the goal of this paper is to propose an integrative assessment framework which combines remote sensing, geographic information systems, expert weighting and landscape metrics-based assessment. We utilized Analytical Hierarchical Process and Likert scale for the expert weighting of landscape capacity. In total, 56 experts from several land use and landscape management related departments participated in the assessment. Further, we adapted the hemeroby concept to define areas of naturalness while landscape metrics including Patch Density, Shannon's Diversity, and Shape Index were utilized for structural assessment. Lastly, we tested the reliability of expert weighting using certainty measurement rated by experts themselves. Our study focused on four regulating ES including flood control, pest and disease control, climate control, and wind erosion control. Our assessment framework was tested on four selected sites in the Vea catchment area of Ghana. The outcome of our study revealed that highly heterogeneous landscapes have a higher capacity to provide pest and disease control, while less heterogeneous landscapes have a higher potential to provide climate control. Further, we could show that the potential capacities to provide ecosystem services are underestimated by 15% if landscape structural aspects assessed through landscape metrics are not considered. We conclude that the combination of adapted land use and an optimized land use pattern could contribute considerably to lower climate change impacts in West African agricultural landscapes.
•We propose a new semi-quantitative framework for assessing regulating ES.•Combining AHP, Expert weighting and landscape metrics yielded promising results.•Land use classes served as proxies for mapping regulating ES in West Africa.•Structural arrangement of land use classes significantly improved ES provision.•The GISCAME software presented a flexible tool for ES mapping and visualization.