Quantitation of CD62, soluble CD62, and lysosome-associated membrane proteins 1 and 2 for evaluation of the quality of stored platelet concentrates

• Published in: Transfusion (Philadelphia, Pa.) Vol. 35; no. 4; p. 292
• Main Authors: Divers, S G, Kannan, K, Stewart, R M, Betzing, K W, Dempsey, D, Fukuda, M, Chervenak, R, Holcombe, R F
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States 01-04-1995
• Subjects: Antigens, CD; Blood Platelets - chemistry; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Flow Cytometry; Humans; Lysosomal Membrane Proteins; Lysosomes - chemistry; Membrane Glycoproteins - analysis; Membrane Glycoproteins - physiology; P-Selectin; Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins - analysis; Solubility
• ISSN: 0041-1132
• DOI: 10.1046/j.1537-2995.1995.35495216076.x

Platelets become activated during storage, which results in secretion of granules, vesiculation of microparticles, secretion of protein, and a number of other biochemical and morphologic processes that decrease the utility of platelet concentrates stored for transfusion.
To evaluate the quality of stored platelet concentrates, the cell surface expression of specific activation-dependent antigens (CD62 and lysosome-associated membrane proteins 1 and 2 [LAMP-1, LAMP-2]) on platelets stored in a hospital blood bank over a 7-day period was examined. Relative microparticle counts and the expression of CD62 by microparticles, as well as platelet concentrate supernatant levels of soluble CD62, were determined.
The percentage of platelets expressing CD62 increased significantly from Day 1 to Day 5 (p < 0.05) of storage; the mean fluorescence values for CD62 did not. In contrast, the mean fluorescence values of LAMP-1 and LAMP-2 rose significantly (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively) between Days 1 and 5. Significant declines in CD62, LAMP-1, and LAMP-2 percent expression and mean fluorescence were seen on Day 6 of storage (p < 0.001). Microparticle numbers increased significantly during storage and correlated with levels of CD62 protein (free and membrane-bound) (r = 0.95 vs. Day 2, p < 0.05; r = 0.88 vs. Day 5, p < 0.05).
Flow cytometric evaluations of the expression of cell surface CD62, LAMP-1, and LAMP-2 are complementary tests that, especially when used in conjunction with the quantitation of CD62 protein, provided a simple and effective means of evaluating the quality of platelet concentrates stored for transfusion.