Do individual differences in need strength moderate the relations between basic psychological need satisfaction and organizational citizenship behavior?

• Published in: Motivation and emotion Vol. 44; no. 2; pp. 315 - 328
• Main Authors: Wörtler, Burkhard, Van Yperen, Nico W., Barelds, Dick P. H.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01-04-2020; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Autonomy; Behavior; Behavioral Science and Psychology; Citizenship; Clinical Psychology; Competence; Employees; Individual differences; Job performance; Organizational citizenship behaviour; Original Paper; Personality and Social Psychology; Psychological needs; Psychology; Relatedness; Self determination; Workplaces; Self-determination theory; Psychological needs; Work engagement; Need strength; Organizational citizenship behavior
• ISSN: 0146-7239; 1573-6644
• DOI: 10.1007/s11031-019-09775-9

An important theoretical debate in the literature on psychological needs concerns the potential moderating role of individuals’ need strength in the effects of basic psychological need satisfaction. The present study adds to the relatively small literature with inconsistent findings by examining whether the relations between work-related basic psychological need satisfaction (autonomy, competence, and relatedness) and organizational citizenship behavior (i.e., constructive voluntary job performance) are enhanced when employees’ work-specific explicit need strength increases. Survey data from two samples of employees in the United States (
N
 = 353;
M
Age
 = 38.13) and in the Netherlands (
N
 = 298;
M
Age
 = 44.57) consistently showed that across the need domains, need satisfaction was positively associated with organizational citizenship behavior through work engagement. However, we only found minor evidence for a moderating role of need strength. These findings largely endorse core self-determination theory assertions, as they underscore the relevance of employees’ psychological need satisfaction rather than fit between high psychological need satisfaction and high need strength in the workplace.