Resistance genes on the verge of plant–virus interaction

• Published in: Trends in plant science Vol. 27; no. 12; pp. 1242 - 1252
• Main Authors: Sett, Susmita, Prasad, Ashish, Prasad, Manoj
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01-12-2022
• Subjects: CC-NBS-LRR; Crops, Agricultural - metabolism; Disease Resistance - genetics; dominant resistance; effector; extreme resistance; hypersensitive response; miRNA; Plant Diseases - genetics; Plant Proteins - genetics; Plant Proteins - metabolism; Plant Viruses - genetics; R gene; TIR-NBS-LRR; hypersensitive response; CC-NBS-LRR; R gene; TIR-NBS-LRR; extreme resistance; dominant resistance; miRNA; effector
• ISSN: 1360-1385; 1878-4372
• DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2022.07.003

Viruses are acellular pathogens that cause severe infections in plants, resulting in worldwide crop losses every year. The lack of chemical agents to control viral diseases exacerbates the situation. Thus, to devise proper management strategies, it is important that the defense mechanisms of plants against viruses are understood. Resistance (R) genes regulate plant defense against invading pathogens by eliciting a hypersensitive response (HR). Compatible interaction between plant R gene and viral avirulence (Avr) protein activates the necrotic cell death response at the site of infection, resulting in the cessation of disease. Here, we review different aspects of R gene-mediated dominant resistance against plant viruses in dicotyledonous plants and possible ways for developing crops with better disease resistance.
R gene-mediated hypersensitive response is one of the major sources of resistance against plant viruses.CC-NBS-LRR and TIR-NBS-LRR are two important intracellular resistance protein classes that recognize viral effector molecules to activate defense responses.Various miRNAs suppress the expression of R genes in the absence of virus to maintain the trade-off between growth and resistance.Modern technologies will help in the constant search for a new source of resistance in emerging resistance-breaking isolates of plant viruses.