Prevalence of Sleep Disorders and Associated Factors in People Living With HIV in the Ceará, Brazil: A Cross-sectional Study

• Published in: The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care Vol. 33; no. 4; pp. 436 - 447
• Main Authors: Cunha, Gilmara Holanda da, Ramalho, Ane Kelly Lima, Fontenele, Marina Soares Monteiro, Siqueira, Larissa Rodrigues, Fechine, Francisco Vagnaldo, Medeiros, Melissa Soares
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Wolters Kluwer 01-07-2022; Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Ovid Technologies
• Subjects: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome; AIDS; Cross-sectional studies; Exercise; Habits; HIV; Human immunodeficiency virus; Hygiene; Regression analysis; Sedentary; Sleep disorders; Sociodemographics; Brazil
• ISSN: 1055-3290; 1552-6917
• DOI: 10.1097/JNC.0000000000000326

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of sleep disorders and associated factors in people living with HIV (PLWH). This was a cross-sectional study with a sample of 385 participants followed-up on an outpatient basis in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. Interviews were conducted using the Sociodemographic, Epidemiological and Clinical Form for PLWH and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Descriptive statistics and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed, and the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated, considering p < .05 as statistically significant. The prevalence of sleep disorders was 43.38%. Having children (p = .0054; OR = 1.91; 95% CI = 1.21-3.01), less than 8 years of education (p = .0013; OR = 2.11; 95% CI = 1.34-3.34), and not engaging in regular physical exercise (p = .0001; OR = 2.61; 95% CI = 1.61-4.23) were factors associated with the occurrence of sleep disorders. It was concluded that almost half of the sample had sleep disorders, especially those with children, low level education, and sedentary habits. These data point to the need for increased guidance on sleep hygiene, in addition to the practice of regular physical exercise for this population.