Pleural effusion causing cardiac tamponade: Report of two cases and review of the literature

• Published in: Heart & lung Vol. 35; no. 1; pp. 66 - 67
• Main Authors: Kopterides, Petros, Lignos, Michalis, Papanikolaou, Spyros, Papadomichelakis, Evangelos, Mentzelopoulos, Spyros, Armaganidis, Apostolos, Panou, Fotios
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Mosby, Inc 2006
• Subjects: Aged; Cardiac Tamponade - diagnosis; Cardiac Tamponade - etiology; Cardiac Tamponade - therapy; Drainage; Female; Humans; Paracentesis; Pleural Effusion - complications; Pleural Effusion - diagnosis; Pleural Effusion - therapy; Treatment Outcome
• ISSN: 0147-9563; 1527-3288
• DOI: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2005.07.001

We report on two patients who developed large left-sided pleural effusions in association with hemodynamic compromise. In both cases transthoracic echocardiography demonstrated left ventricular diastolic collapse confirming our clinical suspicion of cardiac tamponade. Large-volume thoracentesis in the first case and thoracotomy with drainage of the pleural collection in the second case resulted in immediate hemodynamic improvement. Our report shows that large pleural effusions can result in impaired cardiac filling and a tamponade-like physiology. Thoracentesis in this setting can lead to rapid improvement of the hemodynamic profile.