Trends in the co-occurrence of tobacco and cannabis use in 15-year-olds from 2002 to 2010 in 28 countries of Europe and North America

• Published in: European journal of public health Vol. 25 Suppl 2; no. suppl 2; pp. 73 - 75
• Main Authors: Hublet, Anne, Bendtsen, Pernille, de Looze, Margreet E, Fotiou, Anastasios, Donnelly, Peter, Vilhjalmsson, Runar, Baska, Tibor, Aasvee, Katrin, Franelic, Iva P, Nic Gabhainn, Saoirse, ter Bogt, Tom F M
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Oxford Publishing Limited (England) 01-04-2015
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adolescent Behavior; Europe; Female; Gender differences; Health Surveys; Humans; International comparisons; Male; Marijuana; Marijuana Smoking - epidemiology; Marijuana Smoking - trends; North America; Prevalence; Regression analysis; Smoking - epidemiology; Smoking - trends; Tobacco; Trends; North America; Europe
• ISSN: 1101-1262; 1464-360X
• DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckv032

Cannabis and tobacco use frequently co-occur. Adolescents who consume both substances experience more respiratory distress and psychosocial problems and are less likely to stop compared with those who use either tobacco or cannabis alone. This study examined time trends in tobacco and cannabis use among 15-year-olds in Europe and North America between 2002 and 2010.
Twenty-eight countries were included and merged into six regions based on their welfare systems. Adolescents (n = 142 796) were divided in four 'user groups': 'no-users', 'tobacco and cannabis users', 'tobacco-only users' and 'cannabis-only users'. Prevalence rates are reported by study-wave and region. Logistic regressions with study wave as independent variable were used to study trends in the user groups and regions. Interaction effects between time and gender were considered.
Overall, tobacco use, and concurrent tobacco and cannabis use decreased by 3 and 3.7%, respectively, but prevalence rates varied by region. Only in North America, an interaction effect between time and gender was found in tobacco and cannabis users.
Although this study demonstrates a decrease in tobacco and cannabis use in most regions, it also shows that the use of both substances is related. Therefore, studying the co-occurring use of tobacco and cannabis is necessary.