Identification of olfactory stimulants for Anopheles gambiae from human sweat samples

• Published in: Journal of chemical ecology Vol. 26; no. 6; pp. 1367 - 1382
• Main Authors: Meijerink, J, Braks, M.A.H, Brack, A.A, Adam, W, Dekker, T, Posthumus, M.A, Beek, T.A. van, Loon, J.J.A. van
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York, NY Springer 01-06-2000; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: 1-DODECANOL; 3-methyl-l-butanol; 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one; ACETIC ACID; Acetone; ACIDE ACETIQUE; ACIDO ACETICO; Animal and plant ecology; Animal, plant and microbial ecology; Animals; ANOPHELES GAMBIAE; Autoecology; Biological and medical sciences; CHEMICAL COMPOSITION; COMPOSICION QUIMICA; COMPOSITION CHIMIQUE; Culicidae; ELECTROANTENNOGRAMS; EPS; Esters; ETANOL; ETHANOL; Freshwater; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; geranyl acetone; HOST PARASITE RELATIONSHIPS; HOST-SEEKING BEHAVIOUR; indole; INSECT ATTRACTANTS; Laboratorium voor Entomologie; Laboratorium voor Organische chemie; Laboratory for Organic Chemistry; Laboratory of Entomology; MAN; Medically important nuisances and vectors, pests of stored products and materials: population survey and control; Mosquitoes; Organic Chemistry; Organische Chemie; PE&RC; Protozoa. Invertebrata; SUDOR; SUEUR; SWEAT; Vectors. Intermediate hosts; Attractant; Human; Host parasite relation; Attraction; Protozoal disease; Chemical analysis; Malaria; Insecta; Parasitosis; Man animal relation; Infection; Electroantennography; Anopheles gambiae; Arthropoda; Culicidae; Olfaction; Chemical composition; Invertebrata; Odor; Sweat; Vector; Diptera
• ISSN: 0098-0331; 1573-1561
• DOI: 10.1023/A:1005475422978

The behavioral and electroantennogram (EAG) responses of female Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes to pooled samples of freshly collected human sweat and human sweat incubated for 42-52 hr were tested. No behavioral or EAG response was obtained to pooled fresh sweat samples, whereas incubated pooled sweat samples produced a behavioral as well as an EAG response. GC-MS analysis of the headspace composition of the fresh sweat revealed ethanol (15.1% of the total amount of volatiles trapped), acetic acid (10.9%), and 3-hydroxy-2-butanone (9.5%) as the most abundant compounds; a wide range of ethyl esters was present as well. None of the ethyl esters was detected in the headspace collections from incubated sweat, while the relative amounts of ethanol, acetic acid, and 3-hydroxy-2-butanone were strongly reduced. In the latter collections, indole (27.9%), 1-dodecanol (22.4%), and 3-methyl-1-butanol (10%) were present in high amounts, while they were absent or present in only minor amounts in the headspace collections from fresh sweat. Geranyl acetone (6%) and 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one (1.9%) were relatively abundant in both the fresh and incubated headspace samples. EAG responses were observed in response to indole, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, and geranyl acetone.[PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]