Effect of blood substitute, recombinant hemoglobin, on in vivo hematopoietic recovery from AZT toxicity

• Published in: Acta haematologica Vol. 98; no. 2; p. 76
• Main Authors: Moqattash, S, Lutton, J D, Rosenthal, G, Abu-Hijleh, M F, Abraham, N G
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland 01-01-1997
• Subjects: Animals; Blood Substitutes - therapeutic use; Cachexia - chemically induced; Drug Therapy, Combination; Erythroid Precursor Cells - drug effects; Erythropoietin - therapeutic use; Female; Hematopoiesis - drug effects; Hemoglobins - therapeutic use; Humans; Mice; Mice, SCID; Murine Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - blood; Murine Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - drug therapy; Recombinant Proteins - therapeutic use; Zidovudine - toxicity
• ISSN: 0001-5792
• DOI: 10.1159/000203596

We determined the in vivo ability of infused human recombinant hemoglobin 1.1 (hr-Hb) and erythropoietin to rescue the hematopoietic activity from the suppressive effects of AZT in normal and in a murine model of AIDS (MAIDS) mice. Mice were fed with AZT for 8 weeks with or without treatment in the last 4 weeks by administering various concentrations of hr-Hb and/or erythropoietin (Epo). Blood parameters, body weight (BW) and erythroid burst-forming units (BFU-E) for all mice were determined. AZT-treated normal and MAIDS mice showed a significant decrease in hematocrit (64 and 78.1%), hemoglobin (27.2 and 45.5%), BW (17.5 and 35.5%), number of white (66.9 and 42.1%) and red blood cells (65.5 and 38%), and the number of BFU-E (73 and 59%), whereas the AZT-treated normal and MAIDS mice that received hr-Hb (5 mg/kg BW/day) and/or Epo (2 U/mouse/day) showed significant alleviation of AZT cytotoxicity. This was evident by the recovery in all blood indices examined, the number of BFU-E and the BW of mice treated. BFU-E recovery in MAIDS (97%) was greater than that in normal mice (63%) as compared to their controls. hr-Hb produced a similar response as the combination, however recovery was slightly better with the latter in some hematological parameters. Higher concentrations of hr-Hb (10-15 mg) did not result in a more significant increase in most blood indices. Our results indicate that infusion with hr-Hb can alleviate AZT toxicity in normal and in immunodeficient mice, and that hr-Hb may be clinically useful in preventing severe bone marrow depression brought about by various drugs or agents such as AZT.