Association of triglycerides and new lipid markers with the incidence of hypertension in a Spanish cohort

• Published in: Journal of hypertension Vol. 34; no. 7; pp. 1257 - 1265
• Main Authors: Sánchez-Íñigo, Laura, Navarro-González, David, Pastrana-Delgado, Juan, Fernández-Montero, Alejandro, Martínez, J Alfredo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England 01-07-2016
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Biomarkers - blood; Blood Glucose - metabolism; Cholesterol, HDL - blood; Cohort Studies; Female; Humans; Hypertension - epidemiology; Incidence; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Middle Aged; Proportional Hazards Models; Risk Factors; Spain - epidemiology; Triglycerides - blood
• ISSN: 0263-6352; 1473-5598
• DOI: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000000941

Triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) are known to be risk factors for cardiovascular disease. However, there has been limited knowledge on the relationship between triglycerides and incident hypertension. The associations of incident hypertension with triglycerides and triglycerides-related indices such as triglycerides to HDL-C ratio (TG/HDL-C) and triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) were evaluated.
Data from 3637 participants from the Vascular Metabolic Clinica Universidad Navarra cohort were followed-up during a mean of 8.49 years. A Cox proportional hazard ratio with repeated measures analyses was performed to assess the risk of developing hypertension across the quintiles of triglycerides, TG/HDL-C ratio, and TyG index.
The risk of developing hypertension was 47% and 73% greater for those in the fourth and fifth quintiles of triglycerides, after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, cigarette smoking, daily alcohol intake, lifestyle pattern, type 2 diabetes, antiaggregation therapy, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, SBP, and DBP. In men, those in the top quintile of triglycerides, TG/HDL-C ratio or TyG index were two times more likely to develop hypertension than those in the bottom quintile. In women, the effect was attenuated although the risk of hypertension rose with increasing quintiles (P for trend <0.05). The results were consistent when analyses were restricted to those participants without diabetes and obesity at baseline.
Our results evidenced the associations between triglycerides-related variables and incident hypertension independently of adiposity. This association was stronger than those observed for other commonly used lipid parameters or lipid ratios, such as the TC/HDL-C ratio.
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