Nitrate Removal by Sorbent Derived from Waste Lignocellulosic Biomass of Lagenaria vulgaris: Kinetics, Equilibrium and Thermodynamics

• Published in: International Journal of Environmental Research Vol. 15; no. 1; pp. 215 - 230
• Main Authors: Nikolić, Goran S., Marković Nikolić, Dragana, Nikolić, Tanja, Stojadinović, Danijela, Andjelković, Tatjana, Kostić, Miloš, Bojić, Aleksandar
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cham Springer International Publishing 01-02-2021; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Agricultural wastes; Ammonium; Aqueous solutions; Biomass; Cations; Chemical modification; Desorption; Earth and Environmental Science; Environment; Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology; Environmental Management; Exploitation; Geoecology/Natural Processes; Ions; Isotherms; Kinetics; Lagenaria; Landscape/Regional and Urban Planning; Lignocellulose; Liquid-solid systems; Mathematical models; Natural Hazards; Nitrate removal; Nitrates; Nonlinear analysis; Nutrient removal; Parameter modification; Pollutants; Reaction kinetics; Reagents; Regeneration; Regression analysis; Research Paper; Sorbents; Sorption; Thermodynamic equilibrium; Trimethylammonium chloride; Water pollution treatment; Sorption; Thermodynamics; Nitrate; Kinetics; Equilibrium
• ISSN: 1735-6865; 2008-2304
• DOI: 10.1007/s41742-021-00310-8

The equilibrium, sorption kinetics and thermodynamic parameters of nitrate ions sorption using a cationic modified
Lagenaria vulgaris
shell as a sorbent were studied. The sorption of nitrate ions was carried out from synthetic aqueous solutions in a batch mode. For this purpose, a sorbent based on waste lignocellulosic biomass was utilized. The cationic quaternary ammonium sorbent was obtained by chemical modification of raw
Lagenaria vulgaris
shell using (3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl) trimethylammonium chloride reagent. The obtained results of nitrate sorption from synthetic solutions of different concentrations (2–100 mg/L) were examined by non-linear regression analysis of different reaction kinetic and multi-linear diffusion models. To describe the sorption equilibrium in the liquid–solid system, the experimentally obtained data were fitted with typical non-linear models of sorption isotherms (Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Dubinin-Radushkevich and Sips isotherms). To determine the thermodynamic parameters (Δ
G
, Δ
H
and Δ
S
), nitrate sorption experiments on CMLVS sorbent were performed at different temperatures (20, 40, 60 °C), under previously determined optimal conditions. Nitrates desorption and CMLVS sorbent regeneration was also studied.
Graphic Abstract
Highlights
The exploitation of waste lignocellulosic biomass of
Lagenaria vulgaris
shell as a valuable sorbent for anionic pollutants, primarily for nitrates, is proposed.
Equilibrium, sorption kinetics and thermodynamic parameters of nitrate sorption using the cationic modified sorbent are characterized.
The sorption capacity of the sorbent (15.869 mg/g) is comparable to the results of other cationically modified lignocellulosic agricultural wastes.
The nitrate-loaded sorbent can be effectively regenerated in HCl and used repeatedly in the sorption–desorption cycles.