A Review and Perspective on Path Dependency in Batteries

• Published in: Energy technology (Weinheim, Germany) Vol. 10; no. 11
• Main Authors: Röder, Fridolin, Ramasubramanian, Srivatsan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Weinheim Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01-11-2022
• Subjects: aging; Batteries; battery management systems; memory effects; modeling; path dependencies; State estimation; Sustainability; voltage hysteresis
• ISSN: 2194-4288; 2194-4296
• DOI: 10.1002/ente.202200627

Reliability of battery state estimation and lifetime prediction is essential to develop operation strategies that improve lifetime, safety, and sustainability. However, this is difficult, because of complex phenomena such as path dependency of battery aging, path dependency of power capability, voltage hysteresis, or memory effects. Herein, these phenomena as well as test protocols, models, and analysis methods being frequently applied in this context are reviewed. The discussion indicates that insights into path dependency are of great importance to understand battery operation under realistic conditions. Challenges and possible future research directions are outlined.
Batteries can possess path dependency at short, mid‐term, and for aging. Herein, the future trajectory of the battery state depends on the operation history. The paper reviews research on path dependency and presents frequently suggested explanation models. Further, methods for characterization and promising modeling approaches are discussed. On this basis a perspective for future research and a common methodology is given.