Toughening performance of glass fibre composites with core–shell rubber and silica nanoparticle modified matrices

• Published in: Composites. Part A, Applied science and manufacturing Vol. 80; pp. 292 - 303
• Main Authors: Awang Ngah, Shamsiah, Taylor, Ambrose C.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Ltd 01-01-2016
• Subjects: A. Particle-reinforcement; A. Polymer-matrix composites (PMCs); B. Fracture toughness; Core–shell rubber particles; Fracture mechanics; Fracture toughness; Glass fibre; Particulate composites; Rubber; Silicon dioxide; Toughening; Voids; A. Polymer-matrix composites (PMCs); B. Fracture toughness; Core–shell rubber particles; A. Particle-reinforcement
• ISSN: 1359-835X; 1878-5840
• DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2015.10.036

The fracture energies of glass fibre composites with an anhydride-cured epoxy matrix modified using core–shell rubber (CSR) particles and silica nanoparticles were investigated. The quasi-isotropic laminates with a central 0°/0° ply interface were produced using resin infusion. Mode I fracture tests were performed, and scanning electron microscopy of the fracture surfaces was used to identify the toughening mechanisms.
The composite toughness at initiation increased approximately linearly with increasing particle concentration, from 328J/m2 for the control to 842J/m2 with 15wt% of CSR particles. All of the CSR particles cavitated, giving increased toughness by plastic void growth and shear yielding. However, the toughness of the silica-modified epoxies is lower as the literature shows that only 14% of the silica nanoparticles undergo debonding and void growth. The size of CSR particles had no influence on the composite toughness. The propagation toughness was dominated by the fibre toughening mechanisms, but the composites achieved full toughness transfer from the bulk.