Polysaccharide-based nanoassemblies: From synthesis methodologies and industrial applications to future prospects

• Published in: Advances in colloid and interface science Vol. 318; p. 102953
• Main Authors: Bushra, Rani, Ahmad, Mehraj, Seidi, Farzad, Qurtulen, Song, Junlong, Jin, Yongcan, Xiao, Huining
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01-08-2023
• Subjects: Biomedical applications; Industrial uses; Nanoparticles; Polysaccharide; Preparation techniques; Nanoparticles; Biomedical applications; Industrial uses; Preparation techniques; Polysaccharide
• ISSN: 0001-8686; 1873-3727
• DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2023.102953

Polysaccharides, due to their remarkable features, have gained significant prominence in the sustainable production of nanoparticles (NPs). High market demand and minimal production cost, compared to the chemically synthesised NPs, demonstrate a drive towards polysaccharide-based nanoparticles (PSNPs) benign to environment. Various approaches are used for the synthesis of PSNPs including cross-linking, polyelectrolyte complexation, and self-assembly. PSNPs have the potential to replace a wide diversity of chemical-based agents within the food, health, medical and pharmacy sectors. Nevertheless, the considerable challenges associated with optimising the characteristics of PSNPs to meet specific targeting applications are of utmost importance. This review provides a detailed compilation of recent accomplishments in the synthesis of PSNPs, the fundamental principles and critical factors that govern their rational fabrication, as well as various characterisation techniques. Noteworthy, the multiple use of PSNPs in different disciplines such as biomedical, cosmetics agrochemicals, energy storage, water detoxification, and food-related realms, is accounted in detail. Insights into the toxicological impacts of the PSNPs and their possible risks to human health are addressed, and efforts made in terms of PSNPs development and optimising strategies that allow for enhanced delivery are highlighted. Finally, limitations, potential drawbacks, market diffusion, economic viability and future possibilities for PSNPs to achieve widespread commercial use are also discussed.
[Display omitted]
•Polysaccharides are now discussed in the context of nanotechnology.•Synthesis methodologies of polysaccaride nanoparticles (PSNPs) are reviewed.•Applications of PSNP across a variety of disciplines are examined.•PSNPs role as a nanocarrier for tumour therapy and other diseases is explained.•Toxicological impacts of PSNPs on human health are addressed.