Efficacy of Cyanotis tuberosa (Roxb.) Schult. &Schult. f. root tubers' active fraction as anti-diabetic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant in Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

• Published in: Journal of ethnopharmacology Vol. 285; p. 114856
• Main Authors: Vedasree, Nalluri, Peddanna, Kotha, Rajasekhar, Allagadda, ParthaSarathi, Chinthirla, Munirajeswari, Pasupuleti, Sireesha, Yallanki, Chippada, Appa Rao
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Ireland Elsevier B.V 01-03-2022
• Subjects: Animals; Antihyperglycemic activity; Antioxidant status; Antioxidants - chemistry; Antioxidants - pharmacology; Biomarkers - blood; Blood Glucose - drug effects; Commelinaceae - chemistry; Cyanotis tuberosa; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Glucose Tolerance Test; Hypoglycemic Agents - administration & dosage; Hypoglycemic Agents - therapeutic use; Hypolipidemic Agents - chemistry; Hypolipidemic Agents - therapeutic use; Kidney - drug effects; Kidney - metabolism; Lipid Metabolism - drug effects; Liver - drug effects; Liver - metabolism; Male; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts - chemistry; Plant Extracts - therapeutic use; Plant Roots - chemistry; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Streptozotocin; Toxicity Tests; Antioxidant status; Cyanotis tuberosa; Antihyperglycemic activity; Streptozotocin; Diabetes mellitus
• ISSN: 0378-8741; 1872-7573
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114856

Cyanotis tuberosa (Roxb.) Schult. &Schult.f. is traditionally used as ethnomedicine for curing several ailments like diabetes, liver problems, ulcers, etc.
The present study was designed to evaluate the anti-diabetic potential of Cyanotis tuberosa root tubers (CTRT)in Streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats.
Anti-hyperglycemic activity of hexane extract of CTRT was investigated in diabetic rats. Silica gel chromatography was used to fractionate the hexane extract and the fraction's antihyperglycemic activity was checked in diabetic rats. Effects of long-term (30 days) treatment with an active fraction (CTAF) were evaluated in diabetic rats for 30 days by measurement of body weights, glycemic control, insulin levels, HbA1c, and serum and tissue lipid profiles. Lipid peroxide levels and antioxidant status were measured in the liver and kidney. Hepatic and Renal functional markers were also measured. Phytochemical characterization of CTAF was carried out by LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis.
Hexane extract of CTRT at a dose of 750 mg/kg b.w produced significant antihyperglycemic activity in diabetic rats whereas CTAF has produced maximum antihyperglycemic activity at the dose of 75 mg/kg b.w. Following long-term treatment with CTAF in diabetic rats, significant improvement in glycemic control, (HbA1c) along with decreased insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), increase in body weights, and plasma insulin were observed. Also, CTAF ameliorated the serum and tissue lipid profiles. In addition, CTAF suppressed lipid peroxidation and restored the activities of antioxidant enzymes in the liver and kidney to normal levels. Further, CTAF reversed the liver and kidney functional markers to normalcy. LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis revealed the presence of 7 different phytoconstituents.
This study confirmed that CTAF exerts antidiabetic effects in diabetic rats by improving insulin secretion, glycemic control, and restoring functional activities of the liver and kidney. Our results suggest that root tubers of Cyanotis tuberosa can be used as a complementary or alternative agent for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.
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•Cyanotis tuberosa root tubers exhibited a potent antihyperglycemic effect.•Decrease in fasting blood glucose and gain in body weights of diabetic rats were observed after chronic treatment with CTAF.•CTAF significantly increased plasma insulin and decreased HbA1c levels in diabetic rats.•Serum and tissue lipid profiles were brought down to normal levels by long-term treatment with CTAF.•The antioxidant status of diabetic rats was improved by chronic treatment with CTAF.