A comparative study of the clinical profile of fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus

• Published in: Diabetes & metabolic syndrome clinical research & reviews Vol. 13; no. 2; pp. 1511 - 1516
• Main Authors: Shivaprasad, Channabasappa, Anish, Kolly, Aiswarya, Yalamanchi, Atluri, Sridevi, Rakesh, Boppana, Anupam, Biswas, Amit, Goel
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier Ltd 01-03-2019
• Subjects: Aged; And diabetic complications; Biomarkers - analysis; Blood Glucose - analysis; Diabetes Complications - epidemiology; Diabetes Complications - metabolism; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - physiopathology; Diabetic Angiopathies - epidemiology; Diabetic Angiopathies - metabolism; Female; Fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes; Follow-Up Studies; Glycated Hemoglobin A - analysis; Humans; India - epidemiology; Male; Middle Aged; Misdiagnosis; Pancreatic Diseases - metabolism; Pancreatic Diseases - physiopathology; Phenotype; Prevalence; Prognosis; Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Type 3c diabetes; India; Misdiagnosis; Phenotype; Fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes; Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Type 3c diabetes; And diabetic complications
• ISSN: 1871-4021; 1878-0334
• DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2019.03.003

The present study aimed to compare the clinical characteristics of patients with fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes (FCPD) and those with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to identify the characteristics distinctive of FCPD.
A total of 133 patients with FCPD were compared with 665 patients with T2DM matched for duration of diabetes. Biochemical parameters and microvascular and macrovascular complications were assessed in all patients. Multivariate regression analyses were performed to study the determinants of microvascular and macrovascular complications in both groups.
The mean duration of diabetes was 4.42 ± 5.65 years in the FCPD group and 4.51 ± 3.88 years in the T2DM group. FCPD participants were significantly younger at diagnosis and leaner than patients with T2DM. The FCPD group had higher fasting and postprandial glucose and HbA1c levels than the T2DM group. The FCPD group had significantly lower triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, serum total calcium, hemoglobin, and serum creatinine values than the T2DM group. The prevalence of coronary artery disease, stroke, and retinopathy was significantly higher in the T2DM patients while the prevalence of distal symmetric polyneuropathy was significantly lower. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, duration of diabetes and HbA1c (OR = 1.17, P = 0 0.04) in FCPD patients and age (OR = 1.04, P < 0 0.001), duration of diabetes (OR = 1.17, P < 0 0.001) and HbA1c (OR = 1.28, P < 0.001) in T2DM patients were associated with microvascular complications.
There are several differences in the phenotype, biochemical parameters, and prevalence of diabetic complications between patients with FCPD and T2DM. Timely diagnosis may have implications in the follow-up and management of patients.