Recent Advances in CRISPR‐Cas9 Genome Editing Technology for Biological and Biomedical Investigations

• Published in: Journal of cellular biochemistry Vol. 119; no. 1; pp. 81 - 94
• Main Authors: Singh, Vijai, Gohil, Nisarg, Ramírez García, Robert, Braddick, Darren, Fofié, Christian Kuete
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01-01-2018
• Subjects: Animals; Bacterial Infections - therapy; Biology; CRISPR; CRISPR-Cas Systems; CRISPR‐Cas9; Disease control; DSB; Editing; Gene Editing; Gene sequencing; Genetics, Microbial - history; Genome editing; Genomes; Genomics; HDR; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; Humans; INDELS; Models, Animal; Neoplasms - therapy; NHEJ; Non-homologous end joining; sgRNA; Synthetic biology; Technology; THERAPEUTIC; Therapeutics; Virus Diseases - therapy; INDELS; DSB; sgRNA; CRISPR-Cas9; HDR; NHEJ; THERAPEUTIC
• ISSN: 0730-2312; 1097-4644
• DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26165

ABSTRACT
The Type II CRISPR‐Cas9 system is a simple, efficient, and versatile tool for targeted genome editing in a wide range of organisms and cell types. It continues to gain more scientific interest and has established itself as an extremely powerful technology within our synthetic biology toolkit. It works upon a targeted site and generates a double strand breaks that become repaired by either the NHEJ or the HDR pathway, modifying or permanently replacing the genomic target sequences of interest. These can include viral targets, single‐mutation genetic diseases, and multiple‐site corrections for wide scale disease states, offering the potential to manage and cure some of mankind's most persistent biomedical menaces. Here, we present the developing progress and future potential of CRISPR‐Cas9 in biological and biomedical investigations, toward numerous therapeutic, biomedical, and biotechnological applications, as well as some of the challenges within. J. Cell. Biochem. 119: 81–94, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Type II CRISPR‐Cas9 is a simple, efficient, and versatile technology for targeted genome editing in a wide range of organisms and cell types. It continues to gain more scientific interest and has established itself as an extremely powerful technology within our synthetic biology toolkit.