Influence of Conventional or Invisalign Orthodontic Treatment on Mineral and Trace Element Salivary Levels: Longitudinal Study with Total Reflection X-ray Fluorescence

• Published in: Biological trace element research Vol. 199; no. 7; pp. 2565 - 2572
• Main Authors: Campos Zeffa, Aline, Dias, Bianca Gonçalves, Silva, Daiane Cristina Mendonça Santos, Rotta, Luiz Orbolato, Jussiani, Eduardo Inocente, Andrello, Avacir Casanova, de Paula Ramos, Solange
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01-07-2021; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Biochemistry; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biotechnology; Bone remodeling; Chemical elements; Corrosion; Dental plaque; Elements; Fluorescence; Heavy metals; Inflammation; Iron; Life Sciences; Longitudinal studies; Nutrition; Oncology; Orthodontics; Reflection; Rubidium; Saliva; Secretion; Trace elements; Variance analysis; X ray reflection; X rays; X-ray fluorescence; Zinc; Orthodontic treatment; Invisalign; Trace elements; Total reflection X-ray fluorescence; Saliva
• ISSN: 0163-4984; 1559-0720
• DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02396-1

This work aimed to evaluate the salivary concentration of chemical elements in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances and removable aligners. Twelve Angle Class I and II orthodontic patients undergoing treatment with conventional fixed appliances and 15 patients treated with removable aligners provided unstimulated whole saliva samples before treatment (pre) and after 3 months of treatment (post). The concentration and secretion rate of chemical elements in saliva were determined by total reflection X-ray fluorescence. Differences from pre to post and between groups were determined with the paired
T
test or Wilcoxon test, and two-way ANOVA, considering
P
< 0.05. The concentrations of S, Cl, and K decreased, while Zn increased significantly (
P
< 0.05) between pre and post treatment with the fixed appliance treatment. The salivary secretion rate of S was decreased from pre to post in the fixed appliance group. No differences in the concentration and secretion rate of chemical elements were detected from pre to post in the Invisalign group. Fe secretion rate presented an interaction between time and treatment, with lower secretion at post (
P
= 0.02) in the Invisalign group. Increased Br secretion rate and decreased Rb, Fe, P, and K in Invisalign patients suggested a better salivary electrolyte profile regarding periodontal bone remodeling. No significant alterations in ions associated with metal corrosion and inflammatory reactions were detected in orthodontic patients under dental plaque control.