Nickel Ammonium Phosphate Nanowires Modified g-C3N4 for Improving the Fire Safety of Epoxy Resin

• Published in: Fibers and polymers Vol. 22; no. 10; pp. 2664 - 2672
• Main Authors: Li, Jiahe, Wu, Weihong, Meng, Weihua, Zhang, Weiwei, Zhou, Zhaoxi, Wang, Tian, Xu, Jianzhong, Qu, Hongqiang
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Seoul The Korean Fiber Society 01-10-2021; Springer Nature B.V; 한국섬유공학회
• Subjects: Ammonium phosphates; Carbon nitride; Chemistry; Epoxy resins; Fire protection; Fire resistance; Fire safety; Flame retardants; Heat release rate; Mechanical properties; Melamine; Nanowires; Nickel; Polymer Sciences; Solid phases; Vapor phases; 섬유공학; Flame retardant; Epoxy resin; Nickel ammonia phosphate; g-C; N; Suppress smoke
• ISSN: 1229-9197; 1875-0052
• DOI: 10.1007/s12221-021-0928-7

In this study, we designed a new flame retardant to improve the fire safety performance of epoxy resin (EP). Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C
3
N
4
) was derived from melamine through a solid-phase reaction, after which nickel ammonium phosphate nanowires (NiNH
4
PO
4
·H
2
O) were grown on the g-C
3
N
4
using a hydrothermal method. The resulting material (g-C
3
N
4
/NiNH
4
PO
4
·H
2
O) was a halogen-free flame retardant containing effective flame-retardant elements such as C, N, P, and Ni. Subsequently, g-C
3
N
4
/NiNH
4
PO
4
·H
2
O was added to EP to test its fire resistance and mechanical properties. When the amount of g-C
3
N
4
/NiNH
4
PO4·H
2
O was 5 phr (per hundred resin), the peak of smoke production rate and peak heat release rate of the EP composite were reduced by 35.42 and 70.4 %, respectively, compared to those of pure EP. Meanwhile, the limiting oxygen index of the EP composite was enhanced to 30.0 % from 24.5 % (pure EP). Finally, the flame-retardant mechanisms of the gas phase and condensed phase were explored.