Ridge bone maintenance in human after extraction

• Published in: Implant dentistry Vol. 19; no. 4; pp. 314 - 322
• Main Authors: Casado, Priscila Ladeira, Duarte, Maria Eugênia Leite, Carvalho, Waldimir, Esmeraldo da Silva, Licinio, Barboza, Eliane Porto
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States 01-08-2010
• Subjects: Absorbable Implants; Alveolar Bone Loss - prevention & control; Alveolar Ridge Augmentation - methods; Animals; Biocompatible Materials - therapeutic use; Bone Matrix - pathology; Bone Matrix - transplantation; Bone Morphogenetic Proteins - therapeutic use; Cattle; Cell Differentiation - physiology; Dentistry; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Mandible - surgery; Maxilla - surgery; Membranes, Artificial; Osteoblasts - pathology; Osteocytes - pathology; Osteogenesis - physiology; Tooth Extraction; Tooth Socket - pathology; Tooth Socket - surgery
• ISSN: 1056-6163; 1538-2982
• DOI: 10.1097/ID.0b013e3181dec322

The aim of this study was to evaluate, clinically and histologically, the tissues formed in human alveolar sockets filled with bovine morphogenetic protein/bovine organic matrix (BOM) and absorbable membrane (AM) immediately after extraction.
Forty-six human alveolar sockets, exhibiting buccal bone defects were selected for this study. Group 1 received no biomaterial to serve as control. Sockets from group 2 were filled with bovine bone morphogenetic protein (bBMP) associated with bOM. The association of bBMP/bOM/AM filled the alveolar defects from group 3. AM was placed over the defects from group 4. Clinical evaluation analyzed ridge width before biomaterial filling and 4 months after filling. Fifteen specimens were collected from groups 2, 3, and 4 for histologic analyses.
Clinical results showed no significant augmentation on the control group (-0.16 +/- 0.28 mm). All test sites, groups 2, 3, and 4, showed relevant ridge width augmentation (3.0 +/- 0.5 mm, 2.4 +/- 0.3 mm, and 2.9 +/- 0.6 mm, respectively) and no resorption. Histologically, all experimental alveolar sockets showed active bone formation with osteoid, osteoblasts, and cell differentiation.
On the basis of this study, we concluded that bBMP/bOM with or without AM could preserve the ridge showing viable bone formation for future implant placement.