Calcium ATPase signaling: A must include mechanism in the radar of therapeutics development against tuberculosis

• Published in: Biotechnology and applied biochemistry Vol. 68; no. 6; pp. 1167 - 1173
• Main Authors: , Shivangi, Meena, Laxman S.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01-12-2021
• Subjects: Adenosine triphosphate; ATP; Ca2+-transporting ATPase; Calcium; Calcium (intracellular); Calcium channels; Calcium efflux; Calcium influx; Calcium ions; Calcium signalling; cAMP; Drug development; Efflux; Ionophores; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Potassium; Signal transduction; Signaling; Tuberculosis; Calcium; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; cAMP; ATP
• ISSN: 0885-4513; 1470-8744
• DOI: 10.1002/bab.2038

An article presented by Peterson and Verkhratsky in 2016 explores the linkage of calcium and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for a themed issue of Evolution Brings Ca2+ and ATP Together to Control Life and Death. The article impacted due to several findings of their cooperative functioning such as the formulation of ATP necessitates a small concentration of cytosolic Ca2+, and therefore leads these two molecules together. The low cytosolic Ca2+ concentration is a primary advantage of its function like a universal secondary messenger. The present article also explores the essential facts about Ca2+–ATP signaling in response to tuberculosis (TB). TB is still a major causal mortality of an important fraction of worldwide population and therefore we require an urgent regimen for its treatment. The new strategies that cover all forms of the disease multidrug‐resistant TB, extensively drug‐resistant TB, and TDR are necessity to overcome the disease pattern and its outcomes. Ionophores and channels‐mediated transportation of Ca2+ that leads to the elevation of intracellular Ca2+ concentration provides an important clue to divert the focus toward this signaling mechanism. P2X7 pathway is an enormous Ca2+ signaling pathway that incorporated Ca2+ influx and potassium efflux upon activation by ATP molecule. After this activation, immune components like 1L‐12 and IL‐6 release and generate a protective response against pathogen. This review highlights importance of togetherness of Ca2+ and ATP signaling with new and more emphasized view of Ca2+ regulation.
The ATP molecule triggers the activation of intracellular calcium pathways, which involves an increase in intracellular calcium concentration. Different calcium regulatory pathways lead to the activation of immune components, which cause phagosome–lysosome fusion and this event is absent when there is no ATP molecule.