1-Tetracosanol isolated from the leaves of Eupatorium glandulosum, accelerates wound healing by expressing inflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinase

• Published in: Journal of ethnopharmacology Vol. 315; p. 116654
• Main Authors: Shalini, Ramalingam, Chandrasekar, Moola Joghee Nanjan, Nanjan, Moola Joghee, Madhunapantula, SubbaRao V., Karnik, Medha, Selvaraj, Jubi, Ganesh, Gonna Nandhi Krishnan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Ireland Elsevier B.V 28-10-2023
• Subjects: 1-Tetracosanol; Cell viability; Eupatorium glandulosum; IL-18: Interleukin-18; MMP-9: Matrix metalloproteinase-9; re-epithelialization; Tnf-α: Tumour necrosis factor-alpha; Wound closure; Wound healing; Wound healing; 1-Tetracosanol; Tnf-α; MMP-9: Matrix metalloproteinase-9; IL-18; Wound closure; IL-18: Interleukin-18; Cell viability; re-epithelialization; Eupatorium glandulosum; Tnf-α: Tumour necrosis factor-alpha; MMP-9
• ISSN: 0378-8741; 1872-7573
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116654

The leave paste of the plant, Eupatorium glandulosum H. B & K, has been traditionally used to treat cuts and wounds by the tribal community of the Nilgiris district of Tamilnadu, India.
The present study was carried out to investigate the wound healing potential of this plant extract and the compound, 1-Tetracosanol, isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction.
An in vitro study was designed to compare the viability, migration and apoptosis of the fresh methanolic extract fractions and 1-Tetracosanol using mouse fibroblast NIH3T3 cell lines and human keratinocytes HaCaT cell lines, respectively. 1-Tetracosanol was evaluated for its viability, migration, qPCR analysis, in silico, in vitro and in vivo.
1-Tetracosanol at the concentration of 800, 1600, 3200 μM has significant wound closure of 99% at 24 h. The compound when screened in silico against various wound healing markers, TNF-α, IL-12, IL-18, GM-CSF and MMP-9, revealed high binding energy of −5, 4.9 and −6.4 kcal/mol for TNF-α, IL-18 and MMP-9, respectively. Gene expression and the release of cytokines increased at an early stage of the wound repair. 1-Tetracosanol, at 2% gel showed 97.35 ± 2.06% wound closure at 21st day.
1-Tetracosanol is a good lead for drug development targeted towards wound healing activity and work in this direction is in progress.
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•The leaf paste of the plant, Eupatorium glandulosum, is used to treat cuts and wounds by Badagar, Irular and Toda tribal people of the Nilgiris, India.•1-Tetracosanol isolated from Eupatorium glandulosum shows high binding energy with TNF-alpha, IL-18 and MMP-9.•1-Tetracosanol has shown to play a predominant role in early stage of wound healing.•1-Tetracosanol shows potential wound healing activity in vitro and invivo.