Toward adaptive deep brain stimulation for dystonia

• Published in: Neurosurgical focus Vol. 45; no. 2; p. E3
• Main Authors: Piña-Fuentes, Dan, Beudel, Martijn, Little, Simon, van Zijl, Jonathan, Elting, Jan Willem, Oterdoom, D L Marinus, van Egmond, Martje E, van Dijk, J Marc C, Tijssen, Marina A J
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States 01-08-2018
• Subjects: adaptive deep brain stimulation; EEG = electroencephalography; EMG = electromyography; local field potentials; low-frequency oscillations; ECoG = electrocorticography; AA = agonist-antagonist; aDBS = adaptive deep brain stimulation; LFP = local field potential; dystonia; electromyography; cDBS = continuous DBS; GPi = internal globus pallidus; CBGTC = cortico-basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical; PD = Parkinson’s disease
• ISSN: 1092-0684; 1092-0684
• DOI: 10.3171/2018.5.FOCUS18155

The presence of abnormal neural oscillations within the cortico-basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical (CBGTC) network has emerged as one of the current principal theories to explain the pathophysiology of movement disorders. In theory, these oscillations can be used as biomarkers and thereby serve as a feedback signal to control the delivery of deep brain stimulation (DBS). This new form of DBS, dependent on different characteristics of pathological oscillations, is called adaptive DBS (aDBS), and it has already been applied in patients with Parkinson's disease. In this review, the authors summarize the scientific research to date on pathological oscillations in dystonia and address potential biomarkers that might be used as a feedback signal for controlling aDBS in patients with dystonia.