Clinical situations for which 3D printing is considered an appropriate representation or extension of data contained in a medical imaging examination: neurosurgical and otolaryngologic conditions

• Published in: 3D printing in medicine Vol. 9; no. 1; p. 33
• Main Authors: Ali, Arafat, Morris, Jonathan M., Decker, Summer J., Huang, Yu-hui, Wake, Nicole, Rybicki, Frank J, Ballard, David H
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cham Springer International Publishing 27-11-2023; Springer Nature B.V; BMC
• Subjects: 3-D printers; 3D printing; Additive Manufacturing; Appropriateness; Biomaterials; Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering; Brain tumors; Calvaria; Cerebrovascular diseases; Documents; Guideline; Guidelines; Imaging; Medical imaging; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Neuroimaging; Neurosurgery; Printing; Quality; Radiology; Surgery; Three dimensional printing; Neurology; And Neurosurgery; Quality; Radiology; Additive Manufacturing; Appropriateness; Anatomic model; 3D printing; Guidelines
• ISSN: 2365-6271; 2365-6271
• DOI: 10.1186/s41205-023-00192-w

Background
Medical three dimensional (3D) printing is performed for neurosurgical and otolaryngologic conditions, but without evidence-based guidance on clinical appropriateness. A writing group composed of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) Special Interest Group on 3D Printing (SIG) provides appropriateness recommendations for neurologic 3D printing conditions.
Methods
A structured literature search was conducted to identify all relevant articles using 3D printing technology associated with neurologic and otolaryngologic conditions. Each study was vetted by the authors and strength of evidence was assessed according to published guidelines.
Results
Evidence-based recommendations for when 3D printing is appropriate are provided for diseases of the calvaria and skull base, brain tumors and cerebrovascular disease. Recommendations are provided in accordance with strength of evidence of publications corresponding to each neurologic condition combined with expert opinion from members of the 3D printing SIG.
Conclusions
This consensus guidance document, created by the members of the 3D printing SIG, provides a reference for clinical standards of 3D printing for neurologic conditions.