Quantitative assessment of surface runoff at arid region: a case study in the Middle of Nile Delta

• Published in: Bulletin of the National Research Centre Vol. 43; no. 1; pp. 1 - 10
• Main Authors: Mohamed, E. S., Belal, Abdel-Aziz, Abu-hashim, Mohamed
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 12-12-2019; Springer Nature B.V; SpringerOpen
• Subjects: Arid regions; Arid zones; Clay soils; Geomorphology; Humanities and Social Sciences; Hydrology; Mathematical models; multidisciplinary; Natural resources; Parameters; Remote sensing; Resource conservation; Resource management; Runoff; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Soil conservation; soil erosion; Soil management; Soil profiles; Soil properties; soil types; Soil water; Surface runoff; Urban areas; Water conservation; soil types; soil erosion; Remote sensing
• ISSN: 2522-8307; 2522-8307
• DOI: 10.1186/s42269-019-0230-7

Background
Evaluation of surface runoff is an essential factor in the precision water and soil conservation management through their main extreme impacts on soil properties. The natural resource conservation service curve number model (NRCS-CN) model is used to estimate the magnitude of runoff. Collected topographic data is used to explain the effects of slope variation on water retention and surface runoff. Twenty-eight soil profiles are prepared in Nile delta, Egypt to cover different geomorphic units and hydrological soil groups in the study area.
Results
The results revealed that the highest value of surface runoff was distinguished close to the urban area and ranges between 40 and 50 mm. In urban areas, the surfaces are paved and there are no infiltration of water. Consequently, the runoff water directly flows to the storm channels. Runoff values ranging between 30 and 40 mm occurred at the north of the study area. The sloping surface and the nature of the clay soil contributed to generate more runoff than do lowland areas.
Conclusion
The study presented and tested the hydric runoff estimation based-model on the integrating of hydric balance parameters. The GIS tools analyze and compose these parameters to perform an indirect method for the quantity of water that results in direct surface runoff flow. This method helps to gain clear imaging of the surface runoff risks in the study area.