The response of population and hybrid wheat to selected agro-environmental factors

• Published in: Plant, soil and environment Vol. 62; no. 2; pp. 67 - 73
• Main Authors: Buczek, J., Jarecki, W., Bobrecka-Jamro, D.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences 01-01-2016
• Subjects: cereal crop; climatic and soil conditions; nitrogen fertilization; rainfall; triticum aestivum
• ISSN: 1214-1178; 1805-9368
• DOI: 10.17221/615/2015-PSE

The field experiment was conducted in the years 2011-2014 at three localities (Przecław, Dukla, Lubliniec) of south-east Poland with changing environmental conditions. Population cultivars (Batuta and Bogatka) and hybrid cultivars (Hybred and Hymack) of winter wheat and cultivation technologies (extensive, low-input, medium-input, high-input) were studied. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of cultivation technology levels and environmental conditions on the grain yield and protein composition in the grain of population and hybrid wheat cultivars. Higher grain yield, the contents of protein, gluten and fraction of gliadins and high molecular weight (HMW)-glutenins were observed in the case of wheat growing in gleic fluvisol and at precipitation of 453-776 mm than in haplic luvisol and at precipitation of 599-805 mm. The high-input technology affected an increase in grain parameters (yield, protein, gluten) and the amount of gluten proteins by 6.6 (medium-input) and by 26.5% (extensive). The population cv. Bogatka showed higher crude protein and gluten content, the grain yield amounted to 6.6 t/ha and the amount of gluten proteins was 51.7 mAU.s. The hybrid cv. Hymack was characterized by the highest grain yield (7.2 t/ha) but the lowest amounts of protein, gluten and allergenic subunits α/β, γ, ω-gliadins.