Two-photon microendoscope for label-free imaging in stereotactic neurosurgery

• Published in: Biomedical optics express Vol. 14; no. 7; pp. 3705 - 3725
• Main Authors: Welton, Tarah A, George, Nicholas M, Ozbay, Baris N, Gentile Polese, Arianna, Osborne, Gregory, Futia, Gregory L, Kushner, J Keenan, Kleinschmidt-DeMasters, Bette, Alexander, Allyson L, Abosch, Aviva, Ojemann, Steven, Restrepo, Diego, Gibson, Emily A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Optica Publishing Group 01-07-2023
• ISSN: 2156-7085; 2156-7085
• DOI: 10.1364/BOE.492552

We demonstrate a gradient refractive index (GRIN) microendoscope with an outer diameter of ∼1.2 mm and a length of ∼186 mm that can fit into a stereotactic surgical cannula. Two photon imaging at an excitation wavelength of 900 nm showed a field of view of ∼180 microns and a lateral and axial resolution of 0.86 microns and 9.6 microns respectively. The microendoscope was tested by imaging autofluorescence and second harmonic generation (SHG) in label-free human brain tissue. Furthermore, preliminary image analysis indicates that image classification models can predict if an image is from the subthalamic nucleus or the surrounding tissue using conventional, bench-top two-photon autofluorescence.